Arnold Susan A, Taylor Amanda R, Hansen Katherine, Agarwal Vijay, Low Walter C, Pluhar G Elizabeth
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, Saint Paul, MN, United States.
Southeast Veterinary Neurology, Virginia Beach, VA, United States.
Front Vet Sci. 2025 Mar 19;12:1532439. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1532439. eCollection 2025.
French bulldogs are one of the most popular dog breeds in the United States and are also among breeds with the highest risk for developing high-grade glioma (HGG). With limited treatment options and high translational value for studying canine HGG to advance understanding of human glioblastoma (GB), a variety of novel treatment options have been investigated. In other forms of cancer, immunotherapy has shown promising results, garnering interest in the treatment of HGG. Yet, when an immunotherapy-based clinical trial was conducted, a marked survival disparity in French bulldog patients compared to other breeds was observed.
This retrospective, multi-institutional study was conducted to examine survival outcomes in immunotherapy-treated French bulldogs compared to closely related breeds, and to French bulldogs treated with several other treatment modalities.
French bulldogs treated with immunotherapy experienced significantly shorter overall survival (OS) than boxers and Boston terriers (132 vs. 221 days, respectively). French bulldogs treated with immunotherapy had no significant difference in OS compared to French bulldogs treated palliatively, whereas dogs treated with either a novel therapy involving sonodynamic therapy or stereotactic radiation therapy had significantly longer OS.
This study provides evidence for an immunotherapy-resistant form of HGG in French bulldogs, suggesting that the breed harbors key molecular differences affecting the tumor and tumor-immune microenvironment and subsequent poor response to treatment.
法国斗牛犬是美国最受欢迎的犬种之一，也是患高级别胶质瘤（HGG）风险最高的犬种之一。由于治疗选择有限，且研究犬类HGG对推进人类胶质母细胞瘤（GB）的理解具有很高的转化价值，因此人们对多种新型治疗选择进行了研究。在其他癌症形式中，免疫疗法已显示出有前景的结果，这引发了人们对HGG治疗的兴趣。然而，当进行一项基于免疫疗法的临床试验时，观察到法国斗牛犬患者与其他犬种相比存在明显的生存差异。
本回顾性、多机构研究旨在比较接受免疫疗法治疗的法国斗牛犬与亲缘关系密切的犬种，以及接受其他几种治疗方式治疗的法国斗牛犬的生存结果。
接受免疫疗法治疗的法国斗牛犬的总生存期（OS）明显短于拳师犬和波士顿梗犬（分别为132天和221天）。接受免疫疗法治疗的法国斗牛犬与接受姑息治疗的法国斗牛犬在OS方面无显著差异，而接受涉及声动力疗法或立体定向放射疗法的新型疗法治疗的犬的OS明显更长。
本研究为法国斗牛犬中一种对免疫疗法耐药的HGG形式提供了证据，表明该犬种存在影响肿瘤和肿瘤免疫微环境的关键分子差异，以及随后对治疗的不良反应。
