Phase separation in supramolecular and covalent adaptable networks.

Phase separation phenomena have been studied widely in the field of polymer science, and were recently also reported for dynamic polymer networks (DPNs). The mechanisms of phase separation in dynamic polymer networks are of particular interest as the reversible nature of the network can participate in the structuring of the micro- and macroscale domains. In this review, we highlight the underlying mechanisms of phase separation in dynamic polymer networks, distinguishing between supramolecular polymer networks and covalent adaptable networks (CANs). Also, we address the synergistic effects between phase separation and reversible bond exchange. We furthermore discuss the effects of phase separation on the material properties, and how this knowledge can be used to enhance and tune material properties.