IRCSS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.
IRCSS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.
Trends Cancer. 2023 Jun;9(6):472-479. doi: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.03.005. Epub 2023 Apr 13.
The intratumoral microbiota has been recently identified as important in cancer evasion strategies. It can induce DNA damage, favor the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, inactivate drugs, polarize the immune system toward a protumorigenic profile, induce vascular reshaping and favor metastasis formation, and protect tumor cells from fluid shear stress during cell migration. However, recently also some positive effects of the intratumoral microbiota have been highlighted such as the activation of bacterial antigen-specific responses that could be harnessed to broaden not only the immune response to tumor antigens, but also the polarization of antitumorigenic responses. As in the gut, it is likely that the ratio between symbionts and pathobionts affects the outcome. More research is needed in this field to better understand this dual role.
肿瘤内微生物群最近被确定为癌症逃避策略中的重要因素。它可以诱导 DNA 损伤，有利于上皮-间充质转化，使药物失活，使免疫系统向促肿瘤发生的表型极化，诱导血管重塑并有利于转移形成，并保护肿瘤细胞在细胞迁移过程中免受流体剪切力的影响。然而，最近也强调了肿瘤内微生物群的一些积极作用，例如激活细菌抗原特异性反应，这可以用来不仅扩大对肿瘤抗原的免疫反应，还可以使抗肿瘤反应极化。与肠道一样，共生体和病原体之间的比例可能会影响结果。需要在这一领域进行更多的研究，以更好地理解这种双重作用。
