Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
Department of Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2023 Jun;42(2):575-587. doi: 10.1007/s10555-023-10107-0. Epub 2023 Apr 15.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients frequently develop liver metastases, which are the major cause of cancer-related mortality. The molecular basis and management of colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs) remain a challenging clinical issue. Recent genomic evidence has demonstrated the liver tropism of CRC and the presence of a stricter evolutionary bottleneck in the liver as a target organ compared to lymph nodes. This bottleneck challenging CRC cells in the liver is organ-specific and requires adaptation not only at the genetic level, but also at the phenotypic level to crosstalk with the hepatic microenvironment. Here, we highlight the emerging evidence on the clonal evolution of CRLM and review recent insights into the molecular mechanisms orchestrating the bidirectional interactions between metastatic CRC cells and the unique liver microenvironment.
结直肠癌（CRC）患者常发生肝转移，这是癌症相关死亡的主要原因。结直肠肝转移（CRLMs）的分子基础和管理仍然是一个具有挑战性的临床问题。最近的基因组证据表明 CRC 具有肝脏趋向性，并且与淋巴结等靶器官相比，CRC 细胞在肝脏中存在更严格的进化瓶颈。这种瓶颈对肝脏中的 CRC 细胞具有器官特异性，不仅需要在遗传水平上进行适应，还需要在表型水平上与肝脏微环境进行相互作用。在这里，我们重点介绍 CRLM 克隆进化的新证据，并综述了调控转移性 CRC 细胞与独特的肝脏微环境之间双向相互作用的分子机制的最新见解。
