Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Nutrition. 2023 Jul;111:112026. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112026. Epub 2023 Mar 7.
This study aimed to assess, using simulation modeling, the theoretical effect of key diet and physical activity (PA) modification scenarios could have on body mass index (BMI) in prepregnant and postpartum women.
Simulation modeling using data from the 2011 to 2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey was performed for a subsample of prepregnant and postpartum women. The regression coefficients for each diet and PA component from multivariable linear regression equations for BMI were used to calculate a predicted BMI. Scenario modeling using a moderation approach was applied to targeted diet and PA components for the entire sample and subgroups of populations of women who failed to meet dietary and PA recommendations and among the lowest socioeconomic groups.
In prepregnancy and postpartum scenarios, respectively, increasing whole grains by 2 to 3 servings/d reduced BMI by 1.16 and 0.85 kg/m. For postpartum women, BMI was reduced by 0.28 kg/m for every 5-g/d increase in fiber intake. A 480- and 540-min/wk increase in PA resulted in average BMI reductions of 0.95 and 1.19 kg/m in prepregnant and postpartum women, respectively. A similar pattern of theoretical reductions in BMI was observed with increased whole grains, fiber, and PA among the most disadvantaged socioeconomic groups of women.
Increasing intake of whole grains by 2 to 3 servings/d could result in reductions in BMI of 1.16 and 0.85 kg/m, and a 480- and 540-min/wk increase in PA could result in BMI reduction of 0.95 and 1.19 kg/m in prepregnant and postpartum women, respectively. This provides an evidence base to guide tailored nutrition messaging for obesity prevention efforts in reproductive age women.
本研究旨在通过模拟建模评估关键饮食和体力活动（PA）改变方案对备孕和产后妇女体重指数（BMI）的理论影响。
对 2011 至 2012 年全国营养与体力活动调查的亚样本进行模拟建模。多变量线性回归方程中每个饮食和 PA 成分的回归系数用于计算预测 BMI。针对整个样本以及未能达到饮食和 PA 建议的妇女人群和社会经济地位最低的群体，采用调节方法进行情景建模。
在备孕和产后情况下，每日增加 2 至 3 份全谷物可分别使 BMI 降低 1.16 和 0.85kg/m2。对于产后妇女，膳食纤维摄入量每增加 5g/d，BMI 降低 0.28kg/m2。PA 增加 480-和 540 分钟/周分别使备孕和产后妇女的平均 BMI 降低 0.95 和 1.19kg/m2。在社会经济地位最低的妇女群体中，增加全谷物、膳食纤维和 PA 的摄入量也观察到了类似的 BMI 降低模式。
每日增加 2 至 3 份全谷物的摄入量可能会使 BMI 分别降低 1.16 和 0.85kg/m2，PA 增加 480-和 540 分钟/周可能会使备孕和产后妇女的 BMI 分别降低 0.95 和 1.19kg/m2。这为指导针对育龄妇女的肥胖预防措施提供了营养信息的依据。
