Zhou Nannan, Liang Shuang, Yue Xinying, Zou Wangyuan
Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Front Neurol. 2023 Mar 29;14:1146569. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1146569. eCollection 2023.
While it is common for pregnant women to take anesthesia during surgery, the effects of prenatal anesthesia exposure (PAE) on the long-term neurodevelopment of the offspring remain to be clarified. Preclinical animal research has shown that anesthetic exposure causes neurotoxicity in newborns, which is mainly characterized by histomorphological changes and altered learning and memory abilities. Regional birth cohort studies that are based on databases are currently the most convenient and popular types of clinical studies. Specialized questionnaires and scales are usually employed in these studies for the screening and diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring. The time intervals between the intrauterine exposure and the onset of developmental outcomes often vary over several years and accommodate a large number of confounding factors, which have an even greater impact on the neurodevelopment of the offspring than prenatal anesthesia itself. This narrative review summarized the progress in prenatal anesthetic exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes in the offspring from animal experimental research and clinical studies and provided a brief introduction to assess the neurodevelopment in children and potential confounding factors.
虽然孕妇在手术期间接受麻醉很常见，但产前麻醉暴露（PAE）对后代长期神经发育的影响仍有待阐明。临床前动物研究表明，麻醉暴露会导致新生儿神经毒性，其主要特征是组织形态学变化以及学习和记忆能力改变。基于数据库的区域出生队列研究是目前最方便且最受欢迎的临床研究类型。这些研究通常采用专门的问卷和量表来筛查和诊断后代的神经发育障碍。子宫内暴露与发育结果出现之间的时间间隔通常在数年之间变化，并且存在大量混杂因素，这些因素对后代神经发育的影响甚至比产前麻醉本身更大。这篇叙述性综述总结了动物实验研究和临床研究中关于产前麻醉暴露及其后代神经发育结果的进展，并简要介绍了评估儿童神经发育和潜在混杂因素的方法。
