Jahan Tajnin, Yasmin Sabina, Ali Shaikh Md Aftab, Ibn Yousuf Md Jubayer, Islam Md Saidul, Islam Choudhury Md Tazul, Kabir Md Humayun
Institute of National Analytical Research and Service (INARS), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh.
Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh.
Heliyon. 2023 Mar 30;9(4):e14972. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14972. eCollection 2023 Apr.
An effective and sensitive analytical method was developed to quantify the most common pesticide residues (difenoconazole, dimethoate, pymetrozine, and chlorantraniliprole) used for brinjal cultivation in Bangladesh. The quantification of the analytes was done using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The samples were extracted using a modified QuEChERS method and followed by purification with dispersive solid phase extraction (d-SPE) sorbents (PSA, GCB, and C18). Matrix-matched calibration with a regression coefficient R ≥ 0.9964 were used to minimize the brinjal matrix effect. The method was validated in quintuple (n = 5) at five different spiked levels (8-400 μg/kg) having recoveries in the range of 70.3-113.2% with relative standard deviations RSDs ≤6.8%, limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) was in the range of 0.15-0.66 μg/kg and 0.4-2.0 μg/kg, respectively, for the four analytes. A total 100 samples (50 samples directly from fields of Jessore district, Bangladesh and 50 samples from local market of Dhaka, Bangladesh) were collected to analyse the pesticides residue. The result showed that pesticides residue was found in both the field and market collected samples, 54% and 38%, respectively. The overall mean residue levels of four pesticides in field samples were significantly higher than those of market samples. Moreover, 20% of the field samples and 10% of the market samples had dimethoate residues, which were the most abundant among the four analytes and it ranged from 0.017 to 0.252 mg/kg. In terms of health risk assessments, dimethoate showed the highest estimated daily intake (EDI) and hazard quotient (HQ) values that are 3.02 × 10 mg/kg/day and 1.51%, respectively, in field samples. Till now, there have been no regulations or guidelines for the maximum admissible pesticide residue in Bangladesh. Therefore, the above findings will be an initial step for the regulatory authorities of Bangladesh to implement regulations and guidelines for pesticide usage.
开发了一种有效且灵敏的分析方法，用于定量孟加拉国茄子种植中使用的最常见农药残留（苯醚甲环唑、乐果、吡蚜酮和氯虫苯甲酰胺）。使用液相色谱 - 串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）对分析物进行定量。样品采用改良的QuEChERS方法提取，然后用分散固相萃取（d-SPE）吸附剂（PSA、GCB和C18）进行净化。使用回归系数R≥0.9964的基质匹配校准来最小化茄子基质效应。该方法在五个不同加标水平（8 - 400μg/kg）下进行了五次平行验证（n = 5），回收率在70.3 - 113.2%范围内，相对标准偏差RSD≤6.8%，四种分析物的检测限（LOD）和定量限（LOQ）分别在0.15 - 0.66μg/kg和0.4 - 2.0μg/kg范围内。总共收集了100个样品（50个直接来自孟加拉国杰索尔地区的田地，50个来自孟加拉国达卡的当地市场）来分析农药残留。结果表明，在田间和市场采集的样品中均发现了农药残留，分别为54%和38%。田间样品中四种农药的总体平均残留水平显著高于市场样品。此外，20%的田间样品和10%的市场样品含有乐果残留，乐果是四种分析物中含量最高的，其含量范围为0.017至0.252mg/kg。在健康风险评估方面，乐果在田间样品中的估计每日摄入量（EDI）和危害商数（HQ）值最高，分别为3.02×10mg/kg/天和1.51%。到目前为止，孟加拉国尚无关于最大允许农药残留的法规或指南。因此，上述发现将是孟加拉国监管当局实施农药使用法规和指南的第一步。
