Lee Margie D, Pedroso Adriana A, Lumpkins Brett, Cho Youngjae, Maurer John J
Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States.
Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
Front Physiol. 2023 Mar 29;14:1139321. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1139321. eCollection 2023.
Microbes commonly administered to chickens facilitate development of a beneficial microbiome that improves gut function, feed conversion and reduces pathogen colonization. Competitive exclusion products, derived from the cecal contents of hens and shown to reduce colonization in chicks, possess important pioneer-colonizing bacteria needed for proper intestinal development and animal growth. We hypothesized that inoculation of these pioneer-colonizing bacteria to day of hatch chicks would enhance the development of their intestinal anatomy and microbiome. A competitive exclusion product was administered to broiler chickens, in their drinking water, at day of hatch, and its impact on intestinal morphometrics, intestinal microbiome, and production parameters, was assessed relative to a control, no treatment group. 16S rRNA gene, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) was used to assess ileal community composition. The competitive exclusion product, administered on day of hatch, increased villus height, villus height/width ratio and goblet cell production ∼1.25-fold and expression of enterocyte sugar transporters 1.25 to 1.5-fold in chickens at 3 days of age, compared to the control group. As a next step, chicks were inoculated with a defined formulation, containing and representing pioneer-colonizing bacteria of the two major bacterial phyla present in the competitive exclusion product. The defined formulation, containing both groups of bacteria, were shown, dependent on age, to improve villus height (jejunum: 1.14 to 1.46-fold; ileum: 1.17-fold), goblet cell numbers (ileum 1.32 to 2.51-fold), and feed efficiency (1.18-fold, day 1) while decreasing ileal abundance by one-third to half in birds at 16 and 42 days of age, respectively; compared to the phosphate buffered saline treatment group Therefore, specific probiotic formulations containing pioneer colonizing species can provide benefits in intestinal development, feed efficiency and body weight gain.
通常给鸡投喂的微生物有助于有益微生物群的发育，从而改善肠道功能、提高饲料转化率并减少病原体定植。从母鸡盲肠内容物中提取的竞争性排斥产品已被证明可减少雏鸡的定植，它拥有肠道正常发育和动物生长所需的重要先锋定植细菌。我们假设，在雏鸡出壳当天接种这些先锋定植细菌会促进其肠道解剖结构和微生物群的发育。在孵化当天，将一种竞争性排斥产品添加到肉鸡的饮用水中，并相对于未处理的对照组，评估其对肠道形态学、肠道微生物群和生产参数的影响。使用16S rRNA基因末端限制性片段长度多态性（T-RFLP）来评估回肠群落组成。与对照组相比，在孵化当天投喂竞争性排斥产品，可使3日龄鸡的绒毛高度、绒毛高度/宽度比和杯状细胞生成增加约1.25倍，肠上皮细胞糖转运蛋白的表达增加1.25至1.5倍。下一步，给雏鸡接种一种特定配方，该配方包含 和 ，分别代表竞争性排斥产品中存在的两个主要细菌门的先锋定植细菌。结果表明，取决于鸡的年龄，含有这两组细菌的特定配方可改善绒毛高度（空肠：1.14至1.46倍；回肠：1.17倍）、杯状细胞数量（回肠1.32至2.51倍）和饲料效率（第1天为1.18倍），同时分别使16日龄和42日龄鸡的回肠 丰度降低三分之一至一半；与磷酸盐缓冲盐水处理组相比。因此，含有先锋定植菌种的特定益生菌配方可在肠道发育、饲料效率和体重增加方面带来益处。
