Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Carretera México-Texcoco, Texcoco, Edo. De México, 56264, Mexico.
Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan, building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
Food Funct. 2023 May 11;14(9):4017-4035. doi: 10.1039/d2fo03835h.
A pot experiment was conducted in an open greenhouse to explore the use of citrate-coated cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoFeO NPs) as a source for Fe fortification of three wheat lines ( L.). Two of the three wheat lines tested differ in their efficiency concerning Zn storage in their grains (efficient and inefficient), and one had inefficient P-absorption. The NPs were supplied by foliar or soil application of Fe at 330 mg L, and 46 or 68 mg kg soil, respectively. A positive control (Fe-EDTA salt, a conventional iron fertilizer) and a negative control (no fertilization) were also included to compare the efficiency of NP fertilization. Soil fertilization with NPs improved the grain yield and Fe concentration in the grains compared with the foliar application of NPs and conventional Fe fertilizer. Application of soil NPs at 68 mg kg increased the grain yield by 52% and 21% compared with the control and soil Fe-EDTA treatments, respectively. Likewise, grain Fe concentration increased by 96% and 72% compared with the control and soil Fe-EDTA treatments, respectively. The phytic acid concentration in grains and the phytic acid:Fe ratio decreased by 6% and 62%, respectively, due to the soil application of NPs (68 mg Fe per kg). The Fe grain concentration of lines inefficient for Zn storage and P-uptake in plants from soil fertilized with NPs (68 mg Fe per kg) was 1.37 and 0.26 fold above the target biofortification concentration (60 mg Fe per kg). Cobalt concentration in grains ranged from 9 to 16 mg kg. These concentrations were below the maximum allowable limit of Co in grains (50 mg kg) recommended by FAO and the WHO. Our results showed that Fe supplied as NPs may improve the nutritional quality of wheat grains, and the economic yield. However, there remains a long way to go to achieve effective and economic use of nanotechnology for the nutritional development of wheat.
在开放式温室中进行了一项盆栽实验，以探索使用柠檬酸包覆的钴铁氧体纳米粒子（CoFeO NPs）作为铁强化三种小麦品系（L.）的来源。测试的三种小麦品系中有两种在其籽粒中锌的存储效率上存在差异（高效和低效），而其中一种的磷吸收效率较低。通过叶面喷施或土壤施用分别为 330 mg L 和 46 或 68 mg kg 土壤的 Fe 提供 NPs，还包括阳性对照（Fe-EDTA 盐，一种传统的铁肥）和阴性对照（不施肥），以比较 NP 施肥的效率。与叶面喷施 NPs 和传统铁肥相比，土壤施用 NPs 提高了籽粒产量和 Fe 浓度。与对照和土壤 Fe-EDTA 处理相比，土壤施用 68 mg kg 的 NPs 分别提高了 52%和 21%的籽粒产量。同样，与对照和土壤 Fe-EDTA 处理相比，籽粒 Fe 浓度分别提高了 96%和 72%。由于土壤施用 NPs（每公斤 68 毫克 Fe），籽粒中的植酸浓度和植酸：Fe 比值分别降低了 6%和 62%。对植物的 Zn 存储和吸收效率不高的品系，从土壤施用 NPs（每公斤 68 毫克 Fe）处理的籽粒中的 Fe 浓度分别比目标生物强化浓度（每公斤 60 毫克 Fe）高 1.37 倍和 0.26 倍。籽粒中的钴浓度范围为 9 至 16 毫克/千克。这些浓度低于粮农组织和世界卫生组织推荐的谷物中 Co 的最大允许限量（50 毫克/千克）。我们的结果表明，作为 NPs 提供的 Fe 可能会提高小麦籽粒的营养品质和经济产量。然而，要实现纳米技术在小麦营养发展方面的有效和经济利用，还有很长的路要走。
