School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Nathan, Q4215, Australia.
Centre for Work, Organisation and Wellbing, Griffith University, Nathan, Q4215, Australia.
J Occup Rehabil. 2024 Mar;34(1):4-36. doi: 10.1007/s10926-023-10116-4. Epub 2023 Apr 17.
Previous research has systematically studied the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)-based interventions in managing both mental and physical symptoms of chronic disease including depression, stress-related mental disorders (SMD), and chronic pain that are common causes of sick leave. However, a systematic review focusing on the effectiveness of CBT in facilitating RTW is lacking. This study compiles research on utilizing CBT-based interventions for helping employees on sick leave return to work.
Randomized controlled trials (RCT) published between 1 January 1990 and 27 June 2022 were searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and PubMed. The primary outcome variables included a return to work (RTW) measure and sickness absences. The secondary outcomes include psychological conditions (mental illness, stress, anxiety, and depression) and physical condition (working ability, fatigue, and physical function).
Thirty-four RCTs were included in the analysis. Fifteen RCTs with 1727 participants reported on sick leave. Results showed that participants who completed CBT intervention had reduced sick leave in days (mean reduction - 3.654; 95%CI - 5.253, - 2.046; p < 0.001) compared to the control group. Sixteen papers with 2298 participants reported that the intervention group RTW 1.5 days earlier (95%CI 1.019, 1.722; p < 0.05). CBT-based interventions were effective in managing fatigue, mental illness, and depression, and improving physical function while it showed no effects in managing stress, anxiety and working ability.
The findings indicate that CBT-based interventions are effective in reducing the length of sick leave and facilitating the RTW of employees in the intervention group.
先前的研究系统地研究了基于认知行为疗法（CBT）的干预措施在管理慢性病的精神和身体症状方面的有效性，包括抑郁、与压力相关的精神障碍（SMD）和慢性疼痛，这些都是请病假的常见原因。然而，缺乏针对 CBT 促进重返工作岗位（RTW）效果的系统评价。本研究综述了利用基于 CBT 的干预措施帮助请病假的员工重返工作岗位的研究。
检索了 MEDLINE、EMBASE、The Cochrane Library、Scopus、PsycINFO、Web of Science 和 PubMed 中 1990 年 1 月 1 日至 2022 年 6 月 27 日期间发表的随机对照试验（RCT）。主要结局变量包括重返工作岗位（RTW）措施和病假。次要结局包括心理状况（精神疾病、压力、焦虑和抑郁）和身体状况（工作能力、疲劳和身体功能）。
纳入 34 项 RCT 进行分析。15 项 RCT（1727 名参与者）报告了病假情况。结果显示，完成 CBT 干预的参与者的病假天数减少（平均减少 -3.654；95%CI -5.253，-2.046；p<0.001），与对照组相比。16 篇论文（2298 名参与者）报告说，干预组提前 1.5 天重返工作岗位（95%CI 1.019，1.722；p<0.05）。基于 CBT 的干预措施在管理疲劳、精神疾病和抑郁方面有效，并改善身体功能，而在管理压力、焦虑和工作能力方面则没有效果。
研究结果表明，基于 CBT 的干预措施可有效缩短病假时间，促进干预组员工重返工作岗位。
