School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy - Cognitive Neuro-Rehabilitation Unit, "Zucchi" Clinical Institutes, San Donato Group, Carate Brianza (MB), Italy.
Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy - CRISP - Interuniversity Research Centre on Public Services, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
Riv Psichiatr. 2023 Mar-Apr;58(2):50-58. doi: 10.1708/4022.39974.
Media communication during the covid-19 pandemic has been relevant for the population to receive information about the ongoing number of cases, deaths, and social restriction measures. Notably, the effects of the communication methods on young adults during the covid-19 pandemic have not been studied. Therefore the present study aimed to investigate the influence of communication modality about covid-19 on the perception of risk and judgment among young adults.
A double-blind cross-sectional study was designed. Three hundred four subjects (age range19-25 years old) saw a 4-minute video concerning data communication on the covid-19 pandemic and compiled an online questionnaire about their perceptions. Two videos were randomized, one presenting the covid-19 data negatively (HARD video) while the other showed a positive ongoing resolution of the pandemic (SOFT video). Association tests and nominal logistic regression were used to evaluate differences in responses among the two groups.
The two videos lead to different reactions. Participants showed higher disagreement concerning the video content in the "SOFT" group compared to the "HARD" group. The responses of the "SOFT" group were more to be optimistic (OR=2.87, 95% CI 1.311-6.27) than those who had seen the "HARD" video. The sense of helplessness was lower in the "SOFT" compared "HARD" group (OR=3.02, 95% CI 1.311-6.96). The perception of fear was higher for the "HARD" group (OR=2.91, 95% CI 1.21-7-02).
The modality of data presentation influenced the perception and feelings about the covid-19 pandemic. Likely, pre-existing perception of a pessimistic perspective was present in both groups; thus, the video did not lead to any change in the behavior.
The phobic or counter-phobic reactions shown in the study participants highlighted the importance of the reliability of the information received and how previous feelings may influence the perception of the information.
在新冠疫情期间，媒体传播对于民众了解疫情的发展情况、死亡人数和社会限制措施至关重要。值得注意的是，新冠疫情期间传播方式对年轻成年人的影响尚未得到研究。因此，本研究旨在调查有关新冠疫情的传播方式对年轻成年人风险感知和判断的影响。
本研究采用双盲横断面研究设计。304 名受试者（年龄在 19-25 岁之间）观看了一段 4 分钟的关于新冠疫情数据传播的视频，并在线填写了一份关于他们感知的问卷。随机呈现两个视频，一个展示了新冠疫情数据的负面信息（困难视频），另一个展示了疫情积极解决的信息（简单视频）。采用关联检验和名义逻辑回归评估两组之间反应的差异。
两段视频引起了不同的反应。与“困难”组相比，“简单”组的参与者对视频内容表现出更高的不同意。与观看“困难”视频的参与者相比，“简单”组的参与者更倾向于持乐观态度（OR=2.87，95%CI 1.311-6.27）。与“困难”组相比，“简单”组的无助感较低（OR=3.02，95%CI 1.311-6.96）。“困难”组的恐惧感知更高（OR=2.91，95%CI 1.21-7.02）。
数据呈现方式影响了参与者对新冠疫情的感知和感受。很可能，两组参与者都存在对悲观观点的先存感知，因此，视频并没有导致行为发生任何变化。
研究参与者表现出的恐惧或反恐惧反应强调了接收信息的可靠性以及先前的感受如何影响信息感知的重要性。
