2018 年波多黎各静脉注射吸毒人群丙型肝炎血清流行率及相关危险因素的横断面研究

Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with hepatitis C: a cross-sectional study of persons who inject drugs in Puerto Rico, 2018.

机构信息

Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Primer Piso Oficina #151 Paseo José C. Barbosa San Juan, San Juan, 00935, Puerto Rico.

Graduate School of Public Health, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2023 Apr 18;23(1):704. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15341-3.

DOI:10.1186/s12889-023-15341-3

PMID:37072733

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10111640/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) are at a higher risk of acquiring bloodborne infections. We aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of the Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in PWID and identify correlates and risk factors using data from the Puerto Rico National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System, PWID cycle 5, conducted in 2018.

METHODS

A total of 502 San Juan Metropolitan Statistical Area participants were recruited through the Respondent Driven Sampling method. Sociodemographic, health-related, and behavioral characteristics were assessed. Testing for HCV antibodies was completed after the face-to-face survey. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed.

RESULTS

Overall seroprevalence of HCV was 76.5% (95% CI: 70.8-81.4%). A significantly (p < 0.05) higher HCV seroprevalence was observed among PWID with the following characteristics: heterosexuals (78.5%), high school graduates (81.3%), tested for sexually transmitted infections (STI) in the past 12 months (86.1%), frequent speedball injection (79.4%), and knowing the HCV serostatus of the last sharing partner (95.4%). Adjusted logistic regression models showed that having completed high school and reported STI testing in the past 12 months were significantly associated with HCV infection (OR = 2.23; 95% CI: 1.06-4.69; OR = 2.14; 95% CI: 1.06-4.30, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

We report a high seroprevalence of HCV infection in PWID. Social health disparities and potential missed opportunities validate the continuing call for local action for public health and prevention strategies.

摘要

背景

静脉注射吸毒者（PWID）感染血源性病原体的风险较高。本研究旨在利用 2018 年波多黎各全国艾滋病毒行为监测系统 PWID 第 5 轮的数据，估计 PWID 中的丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）血清流行率，并确定相关因素和风险因素。

方法

通过应答者驱动抽样法招募了圣胡安都会统计区的 502 名参与者。评估了社会人口统计学、健康相关和行为特征。在面对面调查后完成 HCV 抗体检测。进行描述性和逻辑回归分析。

结果

总体 HCV 血清流行率为 76.5%（95%CI：70.8-81.4%）。具有以下特征的 PWID 中 HCV 血清流行率显著更高（p<0.05）：异性恋者（78.5%）、高中毕业生（81.3%）、过去 12 个月内检测过性传播感染（STI）（86.1%）、频繁使用海洛因和可卡因混合物（79.4%）和知道上次共用伙伴的 HCV 血清状态（95.4%）。调整后的逻辑回归模型显示，完成高中学业和报告过去 12 个月内进行 STI 检测与 HCV 感染显著相关（OR=2.23；95%CI：1.06-4.69；OR=2.14；95%CI：1.06-4.30）。