Jiang Yi, Yue Qianru, An Ruoli, Tie Zenghua, Liu Ying, Yu Lu, Kong Xiaomei
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
The First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
J Asthma. 2023 Nov;60(11):1960-1966. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2023.2203755. Epub 2023 May 31.
Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease that seriously affects the health of adults and children. The risk factors for asthma are constantly changing; thus, it is necessary to study the prevalence of asthma and risk factors in different populations. Currently, there have been no epidemiological studies on the prevalence and risk factors of asthma in people over 14 years in mainland China. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis of the prevalence and risk factors for asthma in mainland China.
A literature search was conducted for studies on the epidemiology of asthma in China between 2000 and 2020 using English and Chinese databases. Prevalence and epidemiological information on asthma in people aged >14 years were extracted. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model (If I2>50%) with 95% confidence intervals for forest plots.
Nineteen studies (including data from 345,950 samples) met our evaluation criteria. The overall prevalence of asthma in Chinese adults is 2%, without differences between Northern and Southern China. The prevalence increased after 2010 compared with that before 2010. The prevalence of asthma also increased with age, with people aged 55-64 years being the most affected. The prevalence of asthma was independent of sex and residence area. In conclusion, the prevalence of asthma among adolescents (age >14 years) and adult population in China has increased since 2010.
Further studies are necessary to monitor the prevalence of asthma in mainland China. The elderly population also has a high prevalence of asthma, which should be focused on more in the future.
哮喘是一种常见的慢性呼吸道疾病，严重影响成人和儿童的健康。哮喘的危险因素不断变化，因此有必要研究不同人群中哮喘的患病率及危险因素。目前，中国大陆尚无关于14岁以上人群哮喘患病率及危险因素的流行病学研究。因此，我们对中国大陆哮喘的患病率及危险因素进行了荟萃分析。
利用英文和中文数据库检索2000年至2020年期间中国哮喘流行病学的研究。提取14岁以上人群哮喘的患病率及流行病学信息。采用随机效应模型（若I2>50%）进行荟萃分析，并绘制森林图，给出95%置信区间。
19项研究（包括345,950个样本的数据）符合我们的评估标准。中国成年人哮喘的总体患病率为2%，中国北方和南方之间无差异。与2010年之前相比，2010年之后患病率有所上升。哮喘患病率也随年龄增长而增加，55 - 64岁人群受影响最大。哮喘患病率与性别和居住地区无关。总之，自2010年以来，中国青少年（年龄>14岁）和成人人群中哮喘的患病率有所上升。
有必要进一步开展研究以监测中国大陆哮喘的患病率。老年人群哮喘患病率也较高，未来应给予更多关注。
