Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ,USA.
College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ,USA.
J Phys Act Health. 2023 Apr 19;20(7):616-624. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0576. Print 2023 Jul 1.
Many school-based physical activity statutes and regulations have been enacted, with the expectation that schools will comply. However, policy alone does not equate to implementation, and many policies fail for a variety of reasons. The purpose of the study was to determine whether the strength of reported state, district, and school-level physical activity policies were associated with reported recess, physical education, and other school-based physical activity practices at elementary schools in Arizona.
A modified Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program (CSPAP) Questionnaire was administered to staff at elementary schools across Arizona (N = 171). Summative indices of the number of school physical activity policies and best practices at the state, district, and school levels were created. Relationships between policy strength and best practices were examined using linear regression analyses stratified by recess, physical education, and other school-based physical activity practices.
Stronger physical activity-related policies were associated with a greater number of recess (F1,142 = 9.87, P < .05), physical education (F4,148 = 4.58, P < .05, Adj. R2 = .09), and other school-based physical activity (F4,148 = 4.04, P < .05, Adj. R2 = .07) best practices at all levels while controlling for school-level demographic factors.
The strength of policies may improve opportunities for comprehensive physical activity for children in schools. Strengthening policy language (eg, specifying duration and frequency) may contribute to better physical activity practices in schools, improving children's health at the population level.
许多以学校为基础的体育活动法规已经颁布，期望学校能够遵守。然而，政策本身并不等同于实施，许多政策由于各种原因而失败。本研究的目的是确定报告的州、地区和学校各级体育活动政策的力度是否与亚利桑那州小学报告的课间休息、体育课和其他学校体育活动实践相关。
对亚利桑那州各小学的工作人员（N=171）进行了改良的综合学校体育活动计划（CSPAP）问卷调查。创建了州、地区和学校各级体育活动政策和最佳实践的综合指数。使用线性回归分析，按课间休息、体育课和其他学校体育活动实践对政策力度与最佳实践之间的关系进行分层检验。
更强有力的体育活动相关政策与更多的课间休息（F1,142=9.87，P<.05）、体育课（F4,148=4.58，P<.05，调整后的 R2=.09）和其他学校体育活动（F4,148=4.04，P<.05，调整后的 R2=.07）最佳实践相关，同时控制了学校层面的人口因素。
政策的力度可能会增加学校儿童全面开展体育活动的机会。加强政策语言（例如，明确持续时间和频率）可能有助于改善学校的体育活动实践，从而提高人群水平的儿童健康水平。
