Peregud Danil I, Baronets Valeria Yu, Terebilina Natalia N, Gulyaeva Natalia V
Federal State Budgetary Institution "V. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Drug Addiction" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 119002, Russia.
Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2023 Mar;88(3):404-416. doi: 10.1134/S0006297923030094.
Chronic alcohol consumption is characterized by disturbances of neuroplasticity. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is believed to be critically involved in this process. Here we aimed to review actual experimental and clinical data related to BDNF participation in neuroplasticity in the context of alcohol dependence. As has been shown in experiments with rodents, alcohol consumption is accompanied by the brain region-specific changes of BDNF expression and by structural and behavioral impairments. BDNF reverses aberrant neuroplasticity observed during alcohol intoxication. According to the clinical data parameters associated with BDNF demonstrate close correlation with neuroplastic changes accompanying alcohol dependence. In particular, the rs6265 polymorphism within the BDNF gene is associated with macrostructural changes in the brain, while peripheral BDNF concentration may be associated with anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment. Thus, BDNF is involved in the mechanisms of alcohol-induced changes of neuroplasticity, and polymorphisms within the BDNF gene and peripheral BDNF concentration may serve as biomarkers, diagnostic or prognostic factors in treatment of alcohol abuse.
长期饮酒的特征是神经可塑性紊乱。脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）被认为在这一过程中起着关键作用。在此，我们旨在综述与BDNF参与酒精依赖背景下神经可塑性相关的实际实验和临床数据。如在啮齿动物实验中所示，饮酒伴随着BDNF表达的脑区特异性变化以及结构和行为损伤。BDNF可逆转酒精中毒期间观察到的异常神经可塑性。根据临床数据，与BDNF相关的参数与酒精依赖伴随的神经可塑性变化密切相关。特别是，BDNF基因内的rs6265多态性与大脑的宏观结构变化有关，而外周BDNF浓度可能与焦虑、抑郁和认知障碍有关。因此，BDNF参与了酒精诱导的神经可塑性变化机制，BDNF基因内的多态性和外周BDNF浓度可作为酒精滥用治疗中的生物标志物、诊断或预后因素。
