Department of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
The Johns Hopkins Health System, Adult Emergency Department, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
J Clin Nurs. 2023 Sep;32(17-18):5948-5958. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16727. Epub 2023 Apr 19.
Current research estimates that over 24 million individuals experience human trafficking worldwide. There is a growing prevalence of sex trafficking in the United States. An estimated 87% of trafficked persons visit the emergency department during their captivity. Emergency departments across the United States use differing screening methods for sex trafficking. Current screening tools return a high rate of false negatives, and the appropriate use of tools or standardised lists remains unclear.
To explore best practices for identifying sex trafficking among adults who visit emergency departments. We sought to answer the practice question: How does the implementation of a multifaceted screening model for sex trafficking, versus the use of a list of standardised screening questions, improve the detection of trafficked persons?
We conducted an integrative review of articles published after 2016 in PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases. PRISMA checklist and guidelines were used. Whittemore and Knafl's method was used to review the literature.
A final selection of 11 articles were reviewed and appraised using the Johns Hopkins nursing evidence-based practice model. The synthesis of evidence yielded four themes: (1) Provider and personnel education; (2) Protocol establishment; (3) Legal consultation; and (4) Multidisciplinary teamwork.
Through this process, we learned the importance of using multifaceted screening tools for identifying persons who are experiencing sex trafficking. In addition to using multifaceted screening tools, detection is improved when all emergency department personnel receive training on sex trafficking. There is a recognised lack of education on sex trafficking recognition nationwide.
Notably, emergency department nurses play an essential role in sex trafficking identification due to their maximised interaction with patients and the increased perception of trust that patients have with nurses. Steps include the development of an education program to improve recognition.
There was no patient or public involvement in the design or drafting of this integrative review.
目前的研究估计，全球有超过 2400 万人遭受人口贩运。美国的性贩卖现象日益普遍。据估计，87%的被贩卖者在被囚禁期间会前往急诊部。美国各地的急诊部使用不同的性贩卖筛查方法。目前的筛查工具返回高比例的假阴性，并且工具的适当使用或标准化清单仍不清楚。
探讨识别前往急诊部的成年人中性贩卖的最佳实践。我们试图回答实践问题：实施多方面的性贩卖筛查模型与使用标准化筛查问题清单相比，如何提高被贩卖者的检出率？
我们对 2016 年后在 PubMed、CINAHL、Embase、SCOPUS 和 Web of Science 数据库中发表的文章进行了综合审查。使用 PRISMA 清单和指南。采用 Whittemore 和 Knafl 的方法对文献进行了回顾。
最终选择了 11 篇文章进行审查和评估，使用了约翰霍普金斯护理循证实践模型。证据综合产生了四个主题：（1）提供者和人员教育；（2）方案制定；（3）法律咨询；和（4）多学科团队合作。
通过这个过程，我们了解到使用多方面的筛查工具来识别经历性贩卖的人的重要性。除了使用多方面的筛查工具外，当所有急诊部人员都接受性贩卖识别培训时，检测效果会得到提高。全国范围内对性贩卖识别的认识存在明显不足。
值得注意的是，由于急诊部护士与患者的互动最多，并且患者对护士的信任度增加，因此他们在性贩卖识别方面发挥着至关重要的作用。步骤包括开发一个教育计划以提高识别能力。
本综合审查的设计或起草没有患者或公众参与。
