从一无所知，到了解更多需要做的事情：医疗保健提供者描述他们照顾性交易受害者所需的培训。
From not knowing, to knowing more needs to be done: health care providers describe the education they need to care for sex trafficked patients.
作者信息
Mason Robin, Recknor Frances, Bruder Rhonelle, Quayyum Fareeha, Montemurro Frances, Du Mont Janice
机构信息
Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, 76 Grenville St, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada.
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada.
出版信息
BMC Med Educ. 2024 Jul 31;24(1):824. doi: 10.1186/s12909-024-05776-6.
BACKGROUND
Sex trafficking is highly prevalent, pernicious, and under-recognized. When an individual is trafficked for the purpose of sexual exploitation within the borders of a single country, it is termed domestic sex trafficking. Sex trafficked persons can experience severe physical and mental health outcomes requiring medical attention and treatment. However, health care providers often fail to identify sex trafficked patients, missing opportunities to provide needed care and support.
METHODS
In this qualitative study, we interviewed 31 health care providers (physicians, nurses, and social workers) working in Ontario, Canada to learn what they identified as their specific education and training needs to recognize and care for sex trafficked persons. Interviews were conducted over Zoom, recorded, and transcribed. Coding of the transcripts followed a standard framework for qualitative studies. Codes related to the education and training needs of providers were identified as a core issue suited to further analysis.
RESULTS
Three themes related to providers' education and training needs emerged. These acknowledge basic (Foundational knowledge), as well as more specific learning needs (Navigating the encounter). The final theme, ("It just seems so much bigger than me") suggests that even with some knowledge of domestic sex trafficking, participants still experienced considerable distress and multiple challenges due to gaps in the broader system impacting the provision of appropriate care.
CONCLUSIONS
Participants voiced their need for specialized sex trafficking education as well as role specific training to combat their sense of inadequacy and provide better care for their patients. Participants' education needs ranged from requiring the definition of domestic sex trafficking and the frequency of its occurrence, to the various circumstances associated with increased risk of recruitment into sex trafficking. In terms of desired training and specific skills, participants wanted to learn how to identify a person being sex trafficked, broach the subject with a patient, know what to do next including access to local resources and referrals, as well as connections to other critical services, such as legal and housing. The results can be used to inform the design and content of education and training on sex trafficking for health care providers.
背景
性交易极为普遍、有害且未得到充分认识。当一个人在单个国家境内被贩运以进行性剥削时，这被称为国内性交易。性交易受害者可能会经历严重的身心健康问题，需要医疗关注和治疗。然而，医疗保健提供者往往未能识别出性交易受害者，从而错失提供所需护理和支持的机会。
方法
在这项定性研究中，我们采访了在加拿大安大略省工作的31名医疗保健提供者（医生、护士和社会工作者），以了解他们认为识别和护理性交易受害者所需的具体教育和培训需求。访谈通过Zoom进行，录音并转录。对转录本的编码遵循定性研究的标准框架。与提供者教育和培训需求相关的代码被确定为适合进一步分析的核心问题。
结果
出现了与提供者教育和培训需求相关的三个主题。这些主题既承认基本需求（基础知识），也承认更具体的学习需求（应对接触）。最后一个主题（“这似乎比我强大得多”）表明，即使对国内性交易有一定了解，由于影响提供适当护理的更广泛系统存在差距，参与者仍然经历了相当大的痛苦和多重挑战。
结论
参与者表示需要专门的性交易教育以及特定角色培训，以克服他们的不足感并为患者提供更好的护理。参与者的教育需求范围从需要了解国内性交易的定义及其发生频率，到与性交易招募风险增加相关的各种情况。在期望的培训和特定技能方面，参与者希望学习如何识别被性交易的人、与患者谈论这个话题、知道接下来该做什么，包括获取当地资源和转介，以及与其他关键服务（如法律和住房）的联系。这些结果可用于为医疗保健提供者的性交易教育和培训的设计及内容提供参考。
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