Laryngeal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the head and neck, accounting for about 20%. Due to its high disability rate, the diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal cancer have always been the focus and difficulty of head and neck surgery. The outcome of cancer is affected not only by tumor-related factors but also by host-related factors, especially systemic inflammation, this is usually reflected by a variety of hematological markers. Studies have confirmed that there is a significant correlation between hematological markers and the occurrence, development, and prognosis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), and has a certain value in auxiliary diagnosis and prognosis prediction of LSCC. We reviewed various hematological markers related to LSCC aim to summarize the role and research progress of hematological markers in LSCC.