Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda.
Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Immunogenetics. 2023 Jun;75(3):207-214. doi: 10.1007/s00251-023-01306-8. Epub 2023 Apr 21.
In modern medicine, vaccination is one of the most effective public health strategies to prevent infectious diseases. Indisputably, vaccines have saved millions of lives by reducing the burden of many serious infections such as polio, tuberculosis, measles, pneumonia, and tetanus. Despite the recent recommendation by the World Health Organization (WHO) to roll out RTS,S/AS01, this malaria vaccine still faces major challenges of variability in its efficacy partly due to high genetic variation in humans and malaria parasites. Immune responses to malaria vary between individuals and populations. Human genetic variation in immune system genes is the probable cause for this heterogeneity. In this review, we will focus on human genetic factors that determine variable responses to vaccination and how variation in immune system genes affect the immunogenicity and efficacy of the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine.
在现代医学中,疫苗接种是预防传染病的最有效公共卫生策略之一。不可否认,疫苗通过减轻许多严重感染(如脊髓灰质炎、结核病、麻疹、肺炎和破伤风)的负担,挽救了数百万人的生命。尽管世界卫生组织(WHO)最近建议推出 RTS,S/AS01,但这种疟疾疫苗仍然面临着功效变化的主要挑战,部分原因是人类和疟疾寄生虫的遗传高度变异。疟疾的免疫反应在个体和人群之间存在差异。免疫系统基因的人类遗传变异可能是这种异质性的原因。在这篇综述中,我们将重点关注决定疫苗接种反应变化的人类遗传因素,以及免疫系统基因的变异如何影响 RTS,S/AS01 疫苗的免疫原性和功效。