Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, St Mary's Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK; Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Gastroenterology Unit, Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
J Autoimmun. 2023 Dec;141:103034. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103034. Epub 2023 Apr 20.
The gut microbiome plays a key role in influencing several pathways and functions involved in human health, including metabolism, protection against infection, and immune regulation. Perturbation of the gut microbiome is recognised as a pathogenic factor in several gastrointestinal and extraintestinal disorders, and is increasingly considered as a therapeutic target in these conditions. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is the transfer of the microbiota from healthy screened stool donors into the gut of affected patients, and is a well-established and highly effective treatment for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. Despite the mechanisms of efficacy of FMT not being fully understood, it has been investigated in several chronic noncommunicable disorders, with variable results. This review aims to give an overview of mechanisms of efficacy of FMT in chronic noncommunicable disorders, and to paint the current landscape of its investigation in these medical conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), chronic liver disorders, and also extraintestinal autoimmune conditions.
肠道微生物群在影响人类健康的几个途径和功能方面发挥着关键作用，包括代谢、抗感染和免疫调节。肠道微生物群的紊乱被认为是几种胃肠道和肠外疾病的致病因素，并且在这些疾病中越来越被认为是一个治疗靶点。粪便微生物群移植（FMT）是将健康筛选的粪便供体中的微生物群转移到受影响患者的肠道中，是一种成熟且非常有效的复发性艰难梭菌感染治疗方法。尽管 FMT 的疗效机制尚未完全了解，但它已在几种慢性非传染性疾病中进行了研究，结果各不相同。本综述旨在概述 FMT 在慢性非传染性疾病中的疗效机制，并描绘其在这些医学病症中的研究现状，包括炎症性肠病（IBD）、慢性肝脏疾病以及肠外自身免疫性疾病。
