Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, China.
Nat Commun. 2023 Apr 22;14(1):2321. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-37899-7.
We reveal and justify, both theoretically and experimentally, the existence of a unifying criterion of the boiling crisis. This criterion emerges from an instability in the near-wall interactions of bubbles, which can be described as a percolation process driven by three fundamental boiling parameters: nucleation site density, average bubble footprint radius and product of average bubble growth time and detachment frequency. Our analysis suggests that the boiling crisis occurs on a well-defined critical surface in the multidimensional space of these parameters. Our experiments confirm the existence of this unifying criterion for a wide variety of boiling surface geometries and textures, two boiling regimes (pool and flow boiling) and two fluids (water and liquid nitrogen). This criterion constitutes a simple mechanistic rule to predict the boiling crisis, also providing a guiding principle for designing boiling surfaces that would maximize the nucleate boiling performance.
我们从理论和实验两方面揭示并证明了沸腾危机的统一判据的存在。这个判据源于气泡近壁相互作用的不稳定性，可以用由三个基本沸腾参数驱动的渗流过程来描述：成核点密度、平均气泡足迹半径以及平均气泡生长时间和脱离频率的乘积。我们的分析表明，沸腾危机发生在这些参数的多维空间中的一个明确的临界表面上。我们的实验证实了这个统一判据对于各种沸腾表面几何形状和纹理、两种沸腾模式（池沸腾和流动沸腾）以及两种流体（水和液氮）的存在。这个判据构成了一个简单的机械规则，可以用来预测沸腾危机，同时也为设计能够最大限度地提高核沸腾性能的沸腾表面提供了一个指导原则。
