Department of Psychology, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, United States of America.
Division of Autism and Related Disorders & Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
Eat Behav. 2023 Apr;49:101729. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101729. Epub 2023 Apr 17.
Despite emerging evidence that food insecurity (FI) is associated with elevated rates of eating pathology, little is known about the lasting impact of FI on eating behaviors. Studies that have explored the association between FI during childhood and eating behavior in adulthood have not accounted for current FI. The present study explored differences in disordered eating (DE) and related appetitive traits among four groups of cisgender female mothers: individuals who (1) endorsed childhood FI only (n = 96), (2) endorsed current FI only (n = 134), (3) endorsed both childhood and current FI (n = 257), and (4) denied both childhood and current FI (n = 146). Participants responded to online questionnaires including items from the USDA Household Food Security Survey Module, the 7-item Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire, the Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale, and the Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Adjusting for age and race/ethnicity, ANCOVAs explored mean differences between groups in DE and appetitive traits, and a modified Poisson regression model examined differences in binge-eating prevalence across the four FI groups. The "current FI only" group consistently endorsed the highest levels of DE and related appetitive traits followed by the "current and childhood FI" group, suggesting newly food-insecure women may be at highest risk for DE. Interestingly, across almost all constructs, the "childhood FI only" group did not differ significantly from the "no FI" group. These findings suggest that improved access to food may help offset risk for adult DE related to experiences of FI in childhood.
尽管有越来越多的证据表明，食物不安全（FI）与饮食失调的发生率升高有关，但对于 FI 对饮食行为的持久影响知之甚少。那些探索童年时期 FI 与成年后饮食行为之间关联的研究并没有考虑到当前的 FI。本研究探讨了四个组别的顺性别女性母亲之间在饮食失调（DE）和相关食欲特征方面的差异：（1）仅报告童年期 FI（n=96），（2）仅报告当前期 FI（n=134），（3）报告童年期和当前期 FI（n=257），以及（4）否认童年期和当前期 FI（n=146）。参与者通过在线问卷回答问题，这些问卷包括美国农业部家庭粮食安全调查模块、7 项饮食障碍检查问卷、饮食障碍诊断量表和成人饮食行为问卷中的项目。通过调整年龄和种族/民族，方差分析探讨了各组之间在 DE 和食欲特征方面的平均差异，并且修改后的泊松回归模型检验了四个 FI 组中暴饮暴食的患病率差异。“仅当前期 FI”组始终报告出最高水平的 DE 和相关食欲特征，其次是“当前期和童年期 FI”组，这表明新出现的食物不安全的女性可能面临最高的 DE 风险。有趣的是，在几乎所有的结构中，“仅童年期 FI”组与“无 FI”组没有显著差异。这些发现表明，改善食物获取途径可能有助于抵消与童年时期 FI 相关的成年 DE 风险。
