Yang Chengdong, Gao Yun, Ma Tian, Bai Mingru, He Chao, Ren Xiancheng, Luo Xianglin, Wu Changzhu, Li Shuang, Cheng Chong
College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense, 5230, Denmark.
Adv Mater. 2023 Dec;35(51):e2301836. doi: 10.1002/adma.202301836. Epub 2023 Oct 31.
Metal alloys-structured electrocatalysts (MAECs) have made essential contributions to accelerating the practical applications of electrocatalytic devices in renewable energy systems. However, due to the complex atomic structures, varied electronic states, and abundant supports, precisely decoding the metal-metal interactions and structure-activity relationships of MAECs still confronts great challenges, which is critical to direct the future engineering and optimization of MAECs. Here, this timely review comprehensively summarizes the latest advances in creating the MAECs, including the metal-metal interactions, coordination microenvironments, and structure-activity relationships. First, the fundamental classification, design, characterization, and structural reconstruction of MAECs are outlined. Then, the electrocatalytic merits and modulation strategies of recent breakthroughs for noble and non-noble metal-structured MAECs are thoroughly discussed, such as solid solution alloys, intermetallic alloys, and single-atom alloys. Particularly, unique insights into the bond interactions, theoretical understanding, and operando techniques for mechanism disclosure are given. Thereafter, the current states of diverse MAECs with a unique focus on structural property-reactivity relationships, reaction pathways, and performance comparisons are discussed. Finally, the future challenges and perspectives for MAECs are systematically discussed. It is believed that this comprehensive review can offer a substantial impact on stimulating the widespread utilization of metal alloys-structured materials in electrocatalysis.
金属合金结构电催化剂（MAECs）为加速电催化装置在可再生能源系统中的实际应用做出了重要贡献。然而，由于其复杂的原子结构、多样的电子态和丰富的载体，精确解析MAECs的金属-金属相互作用以及结构-活性关系仍面临巨大挑战，而这对于指导MAECs未来的工程设计和优化至关重要。在此，这篇及时的综述全面总结了MAECs制备方面的最新进展，包括金属-金属相互作用、配位微环境以及结构-活性关系。首先，概述了MAECs的基本分类、设计、表征和结构重构。然后，深入讨论了贵金属和非贵金属结构MAECs近期突破的电催化优点和调控策略，如固溶体合金、金属间化合物合金和单原子合金。特别地，给出了关于键相互作用、理论理解以及用于机理揭示的原位技术的独特见解。此后，讨论了各种MAECs的现状，特别关注结构-性能-反应活性关系、反应途径和性能比较。最后，系统地讨论了MAECs未来面临的挑战和前景。相信这篇全面的综述能够对推动金属合金结构材料在电催化中的广泛应用产生重大影响。
