Manna Soumya K, Hannan Bin Azhar M A, Greace Ann
School of Engineering, Technology and Design, Canterbury Christ Church University, CT11QU, UK.
Heliyon. 2023 Apr 4;9(4):e15210. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15210. eCollection 2023 Apr.
Neuromuscular diseases cause abnormal joint movements and drastically alter gait patterns in patients. The analysis of abnormal gait patterns can provide clinicians with an in-depth insight into implementing appropriate rehabilitation therapies. Wearable sensors are used to measure the gait patterns of neuromuscular patients due to their non-invasive and cost-efficient characteristics. FSR and IMU sensors are the most popular and efficient options. When assessing abnormal gait patterns, it is important to determine the optimal locations of FSRs and IMUs on the human body, along with their computational framework. The gait abnormalities of different types and the gait analysis systems based on IMUs and FSRs have therefore been investigated. After studying a variety of research articles, the optimal locations of the FSR and IMU sensors were determined by analysing the main pressure points under the feet and prime anatomical locations on the human body. A total of seven locations (the big toe, heel, first, third, and fifth metatarsals, as well as two close to the medial arch) can be used to measure gate cycles for normal and flat feet. It has been found that IMU sensors can be placed in four standard anatomical locations (the feet, shank, thigh, and pelvis). A section on computational analysis is included to illustrate how data from the FSR and IMU sensors are processed. Sensor data is typically sampled at 100 Hz, and wireless systems use a range of microcontrollers to capture and transmit the signals. The findings reported in this article are expected to help develop efficient and cost-effective gait analysis systems by using an optimal number of FSRs and IMUs.
神经肌肉疾病会导致患者关节运动异常，并极大地改变步态模式。对异常步态模式的分析可为临床医生实施适当的康复治疗提供深入见解。可穿戴传感器因其非侵入性和成本效益高的特点，被用于测量神经肌肉疾病患者的步态模式。FSR和IMU传感器是最受欢迎且高效的选择。在评估异常步态模式时，确定FSR和IMU在人体上的最佳位置及其计算框架非常重要。因此，已经对不同类型的步态异常以及基于IMU和FSR的步态分析系统进行了研究。在研究了大量研究文章后，通过分析脚底的主要压力点和人体的主要解剖位置，确定了FSR和IMU传感器的最佳位置。总共七个位置（大脚趾、脚跟、第一、第三和第五跖骨，以及靠近内侧足弓的两个位置）可用于测量正常足和扁平足的步态周期。已经发现IMU传感器可以放置在四个标准解剖位置（脚、小腿、大腿和骨盆）。文章还包括了一段计算分析内容，以说明FSR和IMU传感器的数据是如何处理的。传感器数据通常以100Hz的频率采样，无线系统使用一系列微控制器来捕获和传输信号。本文报道的研究结果有望通过使用最佳数量的FSR和IMU来帮助开发高效且经济高效的步态分析系统。
