Zhang Miaomiao, Liu Bingyang, Fei Yue, Yang Xiaowei, Zhao Linjiao, Shi Chaozhong, Zhang Yueying, Lu Nan, Wu Chuangye, Ma Wenjun, Wang Junhui
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
Academy of Forest and Grassland Inventory and Planning, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100714, China.
Hortic Res. 2023 Feb 21;10(4):uhad032. doi: 10.1093/hr/uhad032. eCollection 2023 Apr.
Leaves are crucial for maintaining plant growth and development via photosynthesis, and their function is simultaneously regulated by a suite of phenotypic traits. Although much is known about the genetic architecture of individual leaf traits, unraveling the genetic basis of complex leaf morphology remains a challenge. Based on the functional correlation and coordination of multi-traits, we divided 15 leaf morphological traits into three modules, comprising size (area, length, width, and perimeter), shape (leaf lobes, aspect ratio, circularity, rectangularity, and the relevant ratios), and color (red, green, and blue) for an ornamental tree species, . A total of 189 significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in the leaves of : 35, 82, and 76 in the size, shape, and color modules, respectively. Four quantitative trait loci were common between the size and shape modules, which were closely related according to phenotype correlation, genetic mapping, and mRNA analysis. The color module was independent of them. Synergistic changes in the aspect ratio, leaf lobe, and circularity suggest that these traits could be the core indicators of the leaf shape module. The and genes, associated with leaf lobe and circularity, were found to function in plant defense mechanisms and the growth of leaves. The associations between the and genes and the leaf lobe and circularity traits were further verified by RT-qPCR. Our findings demonstrate the importance of integrating multi-trait modules to characterize leaf morphology and facilitate a holistic understanding of the genetic architecture of intraspecific leaf morphology diversity.
叶片对于通过光合作用维持植物生长和发育至关重要，其功能同时受一系列表型性状调控。尽管对于单个叶片性状的遗传结构已有很多了解，但解析复杂叶片形态的遗传基础仍然是一项挑战。基于多性状的功能相关性和协调性，我们将一种观赏树种的15个叶片形态性状分为三个模块，包括大小（面积、长度、宽度和周长）、形状（叶裂片、纵横比、圆形度、矩形度及相关比率）和颜色（红色、绿色和蓝色）。在该树种的叶片中共鉴定出189个显著单核苷酸多态性：大小、形状和颜色模块中分别有35个、82个和76个。大小和形状模块之间有4个数量性状位点是共有的，根据表型相关性、遗传定位和mRNA分析，它们密切相关。颜色模块与它们相互独立。纵横比、叶裂片和圆形度的协同变化表明，这些性状可能是叶片形状模块的核心指标。发现与叶裂片和圆形度相关的 和 基因在植物防御机制和叶片生长中起作用。通过RT-qPCR进一步验证了 和 基因与叶裂片和圆形度性状之间的关联。我们的研究结果证明了整合多性状模块以表征叶片形态并促进对种内叶片形态多样性遗传结构的全面理解的重要性。
