Alshahrani Abdullah M, Batais Mohammed A, Mujammami Muhammad H, Alrasheed Abdullah A, Almigbal Turky H, Aljulifi Mohammed Z, Aldosari Ahmad K, Almaflehi Nassr
Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2023 Feb;12(2):264-269. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1405_22. Epub 2023 Feb 28.
The most challenging part of diabetes management for a patient with diabetes is selecting a healthy diet. The purpose of this study is to evaluate participants' knowledge of food labels, to find out the relationship between the type of diabetes mellitus (DM) and knowledge score of food labels, and to explore the barriers that prevent patients from reading food labels.
This observational study was conducted on patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes using a validated self-administered questionnaire. The study was conducted at diabetes clinics at King Khalid University Hospital and King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from November 2019 to February 2020. Data were analyzed using SPSS.
A total of 310 participants were enrolled in this study, of which 50.3% had type 1 DM, and more than half of them were female (51.6%). Patients with type 1 DM had higher mean declarative and applied knowledge scores than those with type 2 DM, regardless of whether they were taking pre meals insulin or not. The highest proportion (39.9%) had difficulty in understanding the content of the nutrition labels, and some of them (37.2%) did not receive any educational session about it. Only 9.5% of the participants did not have any difficulties in reading food labels.
Patients with both types of diabetes tended to have poor total knowledge about food labels and faced difficulties in reading them. Provided educational sessions by primary health care and specialized physician and DM educator about food labels are recommended to help them to choose food properly.
对于糖尿病患者而言，糖尿病管理中最具挑战性的部分是选择健康饮食。本研究的目的是评估参与者对食品标签的了解程度，找出糖尿病类型与食品标签知识得分之间的关系，并探究阻碍患者阅读食品标签的因素。
本观察性研究采用经过验证的自填式问卷对1型或2型糖尿病患者进行。该研究于2019年11月至2020年2月在沙特阿拉伯利雅得的哈立德国王大学医院和阿卜杜勒-阿齐兹国王大学医院的糖尿病诊所进行。数据使用SPSS进行分析。
本研究共纳入310名参与者，其中50.3%患有1型糖尿病，且超过一半为女性（51.6%）。无论是否注射餐时胰岛素，1型糖尿病患者的平均陈述性知识得分和应用知识得分均高于2型糖尿病患者。比例最高的（39.9%）在理解营养标签内容方面存在困难，其中一些人（37.2%）未接受过任何关于营养标签的教育课程。只有9.5%的参与者在阅读食品标签时没有任何困难。
两种类型的糖尿病患者对食品标签的总体了解往往较差，在阅读标签时也面临困难。建议由初级卫生保健人员、专科医生和糖尿病教育者提供关于食品标签的教育课程，以帮助他们正确选择食物。
