Miller C K, Jensen G L, Achterberg C L
Department of Nutrition and Foodservice Systems, University of North Carolina, Greensboro 27402-6170, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1999 Mar;99(3):323-8. doi: 10.1016/S0002-8223(99)00082-6.
To evaluate an educational intervention about the food label designed specifically for women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
A pretest-posttest control group design. Participants received random group assignment.
SUBJECTS/SETTING: Forty-three women aged 40 to 60 years with type 2 diabetes living in a rural community in Pennsylvania participated. Forty participants (93%) completed the program.
Nine weekly group sessions were developed on the basis of findings from previous research among this sample. Principles from Ausubel's learning theory were also incorporated into program design and evaluation.
The effectiveness of the food label education program on participants' knowledge was determined using a multiple-choice test designed to measure declarative and procedural knowledge. A skills inventory assessed participants' perceived confidence in using the food label. The validity and reliability of the instruments had been established previously.
Analysis of variance was performed to compare groups. Paired t tests compared pretest and posttest results.
The experimental group showed a greater gain than the control group in total knowledge (P < .001), declarative knowledge (P < .001), and procedural knowledge (P < .01) at posttest. Posttest data showed a significant increase (P < .01) in experimental participants' perceived confidence in using the food label.
Women with diabetes need more education about the food label. This intervention is an effective outpatient education program. Participant knowledge and perceived confidence in using the food label improved significantly as a result of the intervention. Future research should assess retention of knowledge gained and the impact of the intervention on metabolic measures of diabetes management and control.
评估一项专门为2型糖尿病女性设计的食品标签教育干预措施。
前测-后测对照组设计。参与者接受随机分组。
受试者/研究背景：43名年龄在40至60岁之间、居住在宾夕法尼亚州农村社区的2型糖尿病女性参与了研究。40名参与者（93%）完成了该项目。
根据此前对该样本的研究结果开展了为期九周的小组课程。奥苏贝尔学习理论的原则也被纳入项目设计与评估之中。
使用旨在测量陈述性知识和程序性知识的多项选择题测试，确定食品标签教育项目对参与者知识的有效性。一份技能清单评估了参与者在使用食品标签方面的自我感知信心。这些工具的有效性和可靠性此前已经确立。
进行方差分析以比较各组。配对t检验比较了前测和后测结果。
在测试后，实验组在总知识（P < .001）、陈述性知识（P < .001）和程序性知识（P < .01）方面的提升均大于对照组。测试后数据显示，实验组参与者在使用食品标签方面的自我感知信心显著提高（P < .01）。
糖尿病女性需要更多关于食品标签的教育。这项干预措施是一项有效的门诊教育项目。由于该干预措施，参与者在使用食品标签方面的知识和自我感知信心有了显著提高。未来的研究应评估所获知识的留存情况以及该干预措施对糖尿病管理和控制的代谢指标的影响。
