Violetta Laurencia, Kartasasmita Arief S, Supriyadi Rudi, Rita Coriejati
Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Gatot Soebroto Indonesia Army Central Hospital, Jakarta 10410, Indonesia.
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjajaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.
Vision (Basel). 2023 Apr 9;7(2):34. doi: 10.3390/vision7020034.
The purpose of this review is to outline the currently available circulating biomarkers to predict diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Studies have extensively reported the association between DR and DKD, suggesting the presence of common pathways of microangiopathy. The presence of other ocular complications including diabetic cataracts may hinder the detection of retinopathy, which may affect the visual outcome after surgery. Unlike DKD screening, the detection of DR requires complex, costly machines and trained technicians. Recognizing potential biological markers related to glycation and oxidative stress, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, basement membrane thickening, angiogenesis, and thrombosis as well as novel molecular markers involved in the microangiopathy process may be useful as predictors of retinopathy and identify those at risk of DR progression, especially in cases where retinal visualization becomes a clinical challenge. Further investigations could assist in deciding which biomarkers possess the highest predictive power to predict retinopathy in clinical settings.
本综述的目的是概述目前可用于预测糖尿病肾病（DKD）患者糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的循环生物标志物。研究广泛报道了DR与DKD之间的关联，提示存在微血管病变的共同途径。包括糖尿病性白内障在内的其他眼部并发症的存在可能会妨碍视网膜病变的检测，这可能会影响手术后的视觉结果。与DKD筛查不同，DR的检测需要复杂、昂贵的机器和训练有素的技术人员。识别与糖基化和氧化应激、炎症和内皮功能障碍、基底膜增厚、血管生成和血栓形成相关的潜在生物标志物，以及参与微血管病变过程的新型分子标志物，可能有助于作为视网膜病变的预测指标，并识别有DR进展风险的患者，尤其是在视网膜可视化成为临床挑战的情况下。进一步的研究有助于确定哪些生物标志物在临床环境中预测视网膜病变具有最高的预测能力。
