Department of Philosophy, Kansas State University, 1116 Mid Campus Dr North 201 Dickens Hall Manhattan, 66506-0803, KS, Manhattan, United States.
Physics Education Research, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, United States.
Sci Eng Ethics. 2023 Apr 25;29(3):15. doi: 10.1007/s11948-023-00429-1.
Efforts to promote responsible conduct of research (RCR) should take into consideration how scientists already conceptualize the relationship between ethics and science. In this study, we investigated how scientists relate ethics and science by analyzing the values expressed in interviews with fifteen science faculty members at a large midwestern university. We identified the values the scientists appealed to when discussing research ethics, how explicitly they related their values to ethics, and the relationships between the values they appealed to. We found that the scientists in our study appealed to epistemic and ethical values with about the same frequency, and much more often than any other type of value. We also found that they explicitly associated epistemic values with ethical values. Participants were more likely to describe epistemic and ethical values as supporting each other, rather than trading off with each other. This suggests that many scientists already have a sophisticated understanding of the relationship between ethics and science, which may be an important resource for RCR training interventions.
促进负责任的研究行为（RCR）的努力应该考虑科学家如何看待伦理与科学之间的关系。在这项研究中，我们通过分析在中西部一所大型大学的十五位科学教师的访谈中表达的价值观，调查了科学家如何将伦理与科学联系起来。我们确定了科学家在讨论研究伦理时所诉诸的价值观，他们将价值观与伦理联系起来的明确程度，以及他们所诉诸的价值观之间的关系。我们发现，我们研究中的科学家以几乎相同的频率诉诸认识论和伦理价值观，并且比任何其他类型的价值观都更为频繁。我们还发现，他们明确地将认识论价值观与伦理价值观联系起来。参与者更有可能将认识论和伦理价值观描述为相互支持，而不是相互权衡。这表明，许多科学家已经对伦理与科学之间的关系有了深刻的理解，这可能是 RCR 培训干预的重要资源。
