Huang Jintao, Zeng Zhijun, Xu Xijin, Tian Qianwen, Zheng Keyang, Huo Xia
Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, Guangdong, China.
Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 May;30(24):64860-64871. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-27114-x. Epub 2023 Apr 25.
Blood lead levels (BLLs) have been decreasing worldwide for decades. However, systematic reviews and quantitative syntheses of BLLs in electronic waste (e-waste)-exposed children are lacking. To summarize temporal trend of BLLs among children in e-waste-recycling areas. Fifty-one studies met the inclusion criteria and included participants from six countries. Meta-analysis was performed using the random-effects model. Results showed that among e-waste-exposed children, the total geometric mean (GM) BLL was 7.54 μg/dL (95% CI: 6.77, 8.31). Children's BLLs displayed a decreasing temporal trend, from 11.77 μg/dL in phase I (2004-2006) to 4.63 μg/dL in phase V (2016-2018). Almost 95% of eligible studies found that children exposed to e-waste had significantly higher BLLs than reference groups. The difference of children's BLLs between the exposure group and the reference group was from 6.60 μg/dL (95% CI: 6.14, 7.05) in 2004 to 1.99 μg/dL (95% CI: 1.61, 2.36) in 2018. For subgroup analyses, except for Dhaka and Montevideo, the BLLs of children from Guiyu in the same survey year were higher than those of children from other regions. Our findings indicate that the gap between BLLs of children exposed to e-waste and those of reference group children is closing, and we appeal that the critical value for blood lead poisoning in children should be lowered in key e-waste-dismantling areas of developing countries, such as Guiyu.
几十年来，全球范围内的血铅水平（BLLs）一直在下降。然而，目前缺乏对电子垃圾（电子废弃物）暴露儿童的BLLs进行系统评价和定量综合分析。为了总结电子垃圾回收地区儿童BLLs的时间趋势。51项研究符合纳入标准，研究对象来自6个国家。采用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析。结果显示，在电子垃圾暴露儿童中，总几何平均BLL为7.54μg/dL（95%CI：6.77，8.31）。儿童的BLLs呈现出下降的时间趋势，从第一阶段（2004 - 2006年）的11.77μg/dL降至第五阶段（2016 - 2018年）的4.63μg/dL。几乎95%的符合条件的研究发现，暴露于电子垃圾的儿童的BLLs显著高于对照组。暴露组与对照组儿童的BLLs差异从2004年的6.60μg/dL（95%CI：6.14，7.05）降至2018年的1.99μg/dL（95%CI：1.61，2.36）。对于亚组分析，除了达卡和蒙得维的亚，在同一年度调查中，贵屿儿童的BLLs高于其他地区儿童。我们的研究结果表明，电子垃圾暴露儿童与对照组儿童的BLLs差距正在缩小，我们呼吁在发展中国家的主要电子垃圾拆解地区，如贵屿，应降低儿童血铅中毒的临界值。
