School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China; School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 211198 Nanjing, China.
School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China.
Water Res. 2023 Jun 15;237:119985. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119985. Epub 2023 Apr 20.
Micropollutant (MP) abatement efficiencies are critical information for optimizing water treatment process for cost-effective operations. Nevertheless, due to the vast number of MPs in real water matrices, it is infeasible to measure their abatement efficiencies individually in practical applications. In this study, a probe compound-based kinetic model was developed for generalized prediction of MP abatement in various water matrices by the ultraviolet (UV)/chlorine process. The results show that by measuring the depletion of three probe compounds (ibuprofen, primidone, and dimetridazole) spiked in the water matrix, the exposures of main reactive chlorine species (RCS including chlorine radicals (Cl•), dichloride radicals (Cl•) and chlorine oxide radicals (ClO•)) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) during the UV/chlorine process could be calculated using the model. Based on the determined exposures, the abatement efficiencies of various MPs in different water matrices (e.g., surface water, groundwater, and wastewater) could generally be predicted with acceptable accuracy by the model without prior water-specific calibration. In addition, the relative contribution of UV photolysis and oxidation with active chlorine, RCS, and •OH to MP abatement could be quantitatively simulated using the model to clarify the abatement mechanism of MPs during the UV/chlorine process. The probe-based kinetic model can thus offer a useful tool to guide practical water and wastewater treatment for MP abatement and to explore the mechanism of UV/chlorine process.
微污染物（MP）的去除效率是优化水处理工艺以实现经济高效运行的关键信息。然而，由于实际水体中存在大量的 MP，在实际应用中不可能单独测量它们的去除效率。在本研究中，通过紫外线（UV）/氯工艺，开发了一种基于探针化合物的动力学模型，用于广义预测各种水体中 MP 的去除效率。结果表明，通过测量水体中添加的三种探针化合物（布洛芬、扑米酮和二甲硝咪唑）的消耗情况，利用该模型可以计算出在 UV/氯工艺过程中主要反应性氯物种（包括氯自由基（Cl•）、二氯自由基（Cl•）和氯氧化物自由基（ClO•））和羟基自由基（•OH）的暴露情况。基于确定的暴露情况，无需事先对特定水样进行校准，该模型可以以可接受的精度预测不同水体（如地表水、地下水和废水）中各种 MP 的去除效率。此外，利用该模型还可以定量模拟 UV 光解和与活性氯、RCS 和•OH 的氧化对 MP 去除的相对贡献，以阐明 UV/氯工艺过程中 MP 的去除机制。因此，基于探针的动力学模型可以为指导实际水和废水处理中 MP 的去除以及探索 UV/氯工艺的机制提供有用的工具。
