Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Physiology, Chulalongkorn University, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, Thailand.
Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, Thailand.
PLoS One. 2023 Apr 26;18(4):e0284658. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284658. eCollection 2023.
Modification of cellular and immunological events due to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection is associated with pathogenesis in lungs. PRRSV also causes female reproductive dysfunction and persistent infection which can spread to fetus, stillbirth, and offspring. In this study, changes in cellular and innate immune responses to PRRSV type 1 or type 2 infection, including expression of PRRSV mediators, mRNA expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and cytokine, and cytokine secretion, were examined in primary porcine glandular endometrial cells (PGE). Cell infectivity as observed by cytopathic effect (CPE), PRRSV nucleocapsid proteins, and viral nucleic acids was detected as early as two days post-infection (2 dpi) and persisted until 6 dpi. A higher percentage of CPE and PRRSV-positive cells were observed in type 2 infections. PRRSV mediator proteins, CD151, CD163, sialoadhesin (Sn), integrin and vimentin, were upregulated following type 1 and type 2 infection. CD151, CD163 and Sn were upregulated by type 2. In both PRRSV types, mRNA expression of TLR1 and TLR6 was upregulated. However, TLR3 was upregulated by type 1, but TLR4 and TLR8 mRNA and protein were downregulated by type 2 only. Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrotic factor (TNF)-α were upregulated by type 2, but IL-8 was upregulated by type 1. Both PRRSV type 1 and 2 stimulated IL-6 but suppressed TNF-α secretion. In addition, IL-1β secretion was suppressed only by type 2. These findings reveal an important mechanism underlying the strategy of PRRSV infection in the endometrium and associated with the viral persistence.
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）感染引起的细胞和免疫事件的改变与肺部发病机制有关。PRRSV 还会导致雌性生殖功能障碍和持续性感染，从而传播到胎儿、死产和后代。在这项研究中，我们研究了主要的猪腺子宫内膜细胞（PGE）中对 PRRSV 1 型和 2 型感染的细胞和先天免疫反应的变化，包括 PRRSV 介质的表达、Toll 样受体（TLR）和细胞因子的 mRNA 表达以及细胞因子的分泌。通过细胞病变效应（CPE）、PRRSV 核衣壳蛋白和病毒核酸检测到感染后最早在 2 天（2dpi）出现的细胞感染性，并持续到 6dpi。在 2 型感染中观察到更高比例的 CPE 和 PRRSV 阳性细胞。在 1 型和 2 型感染后，PRRSV 介质蛋白 CD151、CD163、唾液酸结合蛋白（Sn）、整合素和波形蛋白的表达上调。2 型上调 CD151、CD163 和 Sn。在两种 PRRSV 类型中，TLR1 和 TLR6 的 mRNA 表达均上调。然而，TLR3 仅由 1 型上调，但 TLR4 和 TLR8 的 mRNA 和蛋白仅由 2 型下调。IL-1β、IL-6 和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α 由 2 型上调，但 IL-8 由 1 型上调。两种 PRRSV 类型都刺激了 IL-6 的分泌，但抑制了 TNF-α 的分泌。此外，仅由 2 型抑制了 IL-1β 的分泌。这些发现揭示了 PRRSV 在子宫内膜中的感染策略的重要机制，并与病毒的持续性相关。
