San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, United States; University of California San Diego, Department of Pediatrics, United States.
University of California San Diego, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, United States.
Appetite. 2023 Jul 1;186:106575. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106575. Epub 2023 Apr 24.
Food cue responsiveness (FCR), broadly defined as behavioral, cognitive, emotional and/or physiological responses to external appetitive cues outside of physiological need, contributes to overeating and obesity among youth and adults. A variety of measures purportedly assess this construct, ranging from youth- or parent-report surveys to objective eating tasks. However, little research has assessed their convergence. It is especially important to evaluate this in children with overweight/obesity (OW/OB), as reliable and valid assessments of FCR are essential to better understand the role of this critical mechanism in behavioral interventions. The present study examined the relationship between five measures of FCR in a sample of 111 children with OW/OB (mean age = 10.6, mean BMI percentile = 96.4; 70% female; 68% white; 23% Latinx). Assessments included: objectively measured eating in the absence of hunger (EAH), parasympathetic activity when exposed to food, parent reported food responsiveness subscale from the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ-FR), child self-reported Power of Food total score (C-PFS), and child self-reported Food Cravings Questionnaire total score (FCQ-T). Statistically significant spearman correlations were found between EAH and CEBQ-FR (ρ = 0.19, p < 0.05) and parasympathetic reactivity to food cues with both C-PFS (ρ = -0.32, p = 0.002) and FCQ-T (ρ = -0.34, p < 0.001). No other associations were statistically significant. These relationships remained significant in subsequent linear regression models controlling for child age and gender. The lack of concordance between measures assessing highly conceptually related constructs is of concern. Future studies should seek to elucidate a clear operationalization of FCR, examine the associations between FCR assessments in children and adolescents with a range of weight statuses, and evaluate how to best revise these measures to accurately reflect the latent construct being assessed.
食物线索反应性（FCR）广义上是指个体对外界食欲线索产生的行为、认知、情感和/或生理反应，这些反应超出了生理需求，这导致了青少年和成年人的暴饮暴食和肥胖。有各种各样的方法据称可以评估这一结构，从青少年或父母报告的调查到客观的进食任务。然而，很少有研究评估它们的一致性。在超重/肥胖（OW/OB）的儿童中评估这一点尤其重要，因为可靠和有效的 FCR 评估对于更好地理解这一关键机制在行为干预中的作用至关重要。本研究在 111 名 OW/OB 儿童（平均年龄为 10.6 岁，平均 BMI 百分位为 96.4；70%为女性；68%为白人；23%为拉丁裔）的样本中检验了五种 FCR 测量方法之间的关系。评估包括：在没有饥饿的情况下进行的客观测量进食（EAH）、暴露于食物时的副交感神经活动、来自儿童饮食行为问卷（CEBQ-FR）的父母报告的食物反应分量表、儿童自我报告的食物力量总分（C-PFS）和儿童自我报告的食物渴望问卷总分（FCQ-T）。在 EAH 和 CEBQ-FR 之间（ρ=0.19，p<0.05）以及副交感神经对食物线索的反应与 C-PFS（ρ=-0.32，p=0.002）和 FCQ-T（ρ=-0.34，p<0.001）之间发现了统计学上显著的斯皮尔曼相关性。其他相关性没有统计学意义。在控制儿童年龄和性别后，这些关系在随后的线性回归模型中仍然显著。评估高度概念上相关结构的方法之间缺乏一致性令人担忧。未来的研究应该寻求阐明 FCR 的明确操作化，研究儿童和青少年的 FCR 评估与一系列体重状况之间的关联，并评估如何最好地修改这些方法，以准确反映正在评估的潜在结构。
