Immune Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Tancha 1919-1, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan.
Quantum Wave Microscopy Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Tancha 1919-1, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan.
J Infect Dis. 2023 Dec 20;228(12):1720-1729. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiad089.
Ethanol (EtOH) effectively inactivates enveloped viruses in vitro, including influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Inhaled EtOH vapor may inhibit viral infection in mammalian respiratory tracts, but this has not yet been demonstrated. Here we report that unexpectedly low EtOH concentrations in solution, approximately 20% (vol/vol), rapidly inactivate influenza A virus (IAV) at mammalian body temperature and are not toxic to lung epithelial cells on apical exposure. Furthermore, brief exposure to 20% (vol/vol) EtOH decreases progeny virus production in IAV-infected cells. Using an EtOH vapor exposure system that is expected to expose murine respiratory tracts to 20% (vol/vol) EtOH solution by gas-liquid equilibrium, we demonstrate that brief EtOH vapor inhalation twice a day protects mice from lethal IAV respiratory infection by reducing viruses in the lungs without harmful side effects. Our data suggest that EtOH vapor inhalation may provide a versatile therapy against various respiratory viral infectious diseases.
乙醇（EtOH）在体外能有效灭活包膜病毒，包括流感病毒和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2。吸入乙醇蒸气可能会抑制哺乳动物呼吸道中的病毒感染，但这尚未得到证实。在这里，我们报告了在哺乳动物体温下，溶液中出人意料的低浓度乙醇（约 20%（体积/体积））可迅速灭活甲型流感病毒（IAV），并且对顶端暴露的肺上皮细胞没有毒性。此外，短暂暴露于 20%（体积/体积）乙醇可降低 IAV 感染细胞中的病毒产量。使用乙醇蒸气暴露系统，预计通过气液平衡使小鼠呼吸道暴露于 20%（体积/体积）乙醇溶液中，我们证明，每天两次短暂吸入乙醇蒸气可通过减少肺部病毒来保护小鼠免受致命性 IAV 呼吸道感染，而没有有害的副作用。我们的数据表明，乙醇蒸气吸入可能为各种呼吸道病毒传染病提供一种通用的治疗方法。
