Nugraha Ariyana Dwiputra, Syahril Mohammad, Muflikhun Muhammad Akhsin
PLN Research Institute, Indonesia.
Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM), Indonesia.
Heliyon. 2023 Mar 22;9(3):e14706. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14706. eCollection 2023 Mar.
The figure eight model was successfully manufactured, analyzed, and characterized in the present study. The model was manufactured via 3D printing fused deposition modelling (FDM) and then reinforced with glass fiber-reinforced polymers (GFRP). There are three different designs in figure eight that are examined, and each design is made using 3D printing FDM and coated with GFRP, a hybrid material, as shown. Specimens that have been made from each design are then evaluated by tensile test, hardness test, surface roughness test, and density test. The results showed that the hybrid figure eight lamination with polylactic acid (PLA) and GFRP material could increase the tensile strength by more than two times higher. The highest tensile strength lies in design 1 with 4977, 3 N. Moreover, the highest hardness value occurred for design two at 75.1 Shore D, and the highest average density lies in design three at 1.2 g/mm. The study also showed that the lowest cost occurred in hybrid design three at $ 1.2 per item. Based on the present study, the GFRP reinforcement can extend the model's performance with affordable cost and retain figure eight from the failure.
在本研究中，成功制造、分析并表征了数字8模型。该模型通过3D打印熔融沉积建模（FDM）制造，然后用玻璃纤维增强聚合物（GFRP）进行加固。研究了数字8的三种不同设计，每种设计均采用3D打印FDM制作，并涂覆有GFRP这种混合材料，如图所示。然后通过拉伸试验、硬度试验、表面粗糙度试验和密度试验对每种设计制成的试样进行评估。结果表明，聚乳酸（PLA）和GFRP材料的混合数字8层压材料可使拉伸强度提高两倍以上。最高拉伸强度出现在设计1中，为4977.3 N。此外，设计2的硬度值最高，为75.1邵氏D硬度，设计3的平均密度最高，为1.2 g/mm³。该研究还表明，混合设计3的成本最低，每件1.2美元。基于本研究，GFRP增强材料可以以可承受的成本扩展模型的性能，并使数字8免于失效。
