Montoya Pablo, Flores-Sarmiento Erick, López Patricia, Ayala Amanda, Cancino Jorge
Instituto de Biociencias, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Boulevard Akishino S/N, Tapachula 30798, Chiapas, Mexico.
Programa Moscas de la Fruta Senasica-Sader, Camino a Los Cacaotales S/N, Metapa de Domínguez 30860, Chiapas, Mexico.
Insects. 2023 Mar 30;14(4):337. doi: 10.3390/insects14040337.
Pest control models integrating the use of the sterile insect technique (SIT) and augmentative biological control (ABC) have postulated that it is possible to obtain a synergistic effect from the joint use of these technologies. This synergistic effect is attributed to the simultaneous attack on two different biological stages of the pest (immature and adult flies), which would produce higher suppression on the pest populations. Here we evaluated the effect of the joint application of sterile males of of the genetic sexing strain Tap-7 along with two parasitoid species at the field cage level. The parasitoids and were used separately to determine their effect on the suppression of the fly populations. Our results showed that egg hatching percentage was different between treatments, with the highest percentage in the control treatment and a gradual reduction in the treatments with only parasitoids or only sterile males. The greatest induction of sterility (i.e., the lowest egg hatching percentage) occurred with the joint use of ABC and SIT, demonstrating that the earlier parasitism caused by each parasitoid species was important reaching high levels of sterility. Gross fertility rate decreased up to 15 and 6 times when sterile flies were combined with and , respectively. The higher parasitism by was determinant in the decrease of this parameter and had a stronger effect when combined with the SIT. We conclude that the joint use of ABC and SIT on the population had a direct additive effect, but a synergistic effect was observed in the parameters of population dynamics throughout the periodic releases of both types of insects. This effect can be of crucial importance in the suppression or eradication of fruit fly populations, with the added advantage of the low ecological impact that characterizes both techniques.
整合使用不育昆虫技术（SIT）和增殖性生物防治（ABC）的害虫防治模型推测，联合使用这些技术有可能获得协同效应。这种协同效应归因于对害虫两个不同生物阶段（未成熟苍蝇和成年苍蝇）的同时攻击，这将对害虫种群产生更高的抑制作用。在此，我们在田间网笼水平上评估了遗传品系Tap-7的不育雄蝇与两种寄生蜂联合应用的效果。分别使用这两种寄生蜂来确定它们对苍蝇种群抑制的影响。我们的结果表明，不同处理之间的卵孵化率不同，对照处理中的孵化率最高，而仅使用寄生蜂或仅使用不育雄蝇的处理中孵化率逐渐降低。ABC和SIT联合使用时不育诱导作用最大（即卵孵化率最低），这表明每种寄生蜂物种引起的早期寄生作用对于达到高不育水平很重要。当不育蝇分别与 和 组合时，总生育率分别降低了15倍和6倍。 较高的寄生率是该参数降低的决定性因素，并且与SIT结合使用时效果更强。我们得出结论，ABC和SIT联合应用于 种群具有直接的累加效应，但在两种昆虫的定期释放过程中，在种群动态参数方面观察到了协同效应。这种效应对于抑制或根除果蝇种群可能至关重要，同时还具有这两种技术所具有的低生态影响这一额外优势。
