Lee Hwa-Yong, Lee Jin Woo
Division of Science Education, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea.
J Funct Biomater. 2023 Apr 2;14(4):196. doi: 10.3390/jfb14040196.
Tracheal stenosis and defects occur congenitally and in patients who have undergone tracheal intubation and tracheostomy due to long-term intensive care. Such issues may also be observed during tracheal removal during malignant head and neck tumor resection. However, to date, no treatment method has been identified that can simultaneously restore the appearance of the tracheal skeleton while maintaining respiratory function in patients with tracheal defects. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a method that can maintain tracheal function while simultaneously reconstructing the skeletal structure of the trachea. Under such circumstances, the advent of additive manufacturing technology that can create customized structures using patient medical image data provides new possibilities for tracheal reconstruction surgery. In this study, the three-dimensional (3D) printing and bioprinting technologies used in tracheal reconstruction are summarized, and various research results related to the reconstruction of mucous membranes, cartilage, blood vessels, and muscle tissue, which are tissues required for tracheal reconstruction, are classified. The prospects for 3D-printed tracheas in clinical studies are also described. This review serves as a guide for the development of artificial tracheas and clinical trials using 3D printing and bioprinting.
气管狭窄和缺损可先天性发生，也见于因长期重症监护而接受气管插管和气管切开术的患者。在恶性头颈肿瘤切除术中进行气管切除时也可能观察到此类问题。然而，迄今为止，尚未找到一种能在维持气管缺损患者呼吸功能的同时恢复气管骨架外观的治疗方法。因此，迫切需要开发一种既能维持气管功能又能同时重建气管骨骼结构的方法。在这种情况下，利用患者医学图像数据创建定制结构的增材制造技术的出现为气管重建手术提供了新的可能性。在本研究中，总结了气管重建中使用的三维（3D）打印和生物打印技术，并对与气管重建所需组织（如黏膜、软骨、血管和肌肉组织）重建相关的各种研究成果进行了分类。还描述了3D打印气管在临床研究中的前景。这篇综述为人工气管的开发以及使用3D打印和生物打印的临床试验提供了指导。
