Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Department of Neurology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, South Korea.
Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2023 Jun;10(6):964-973. doi: 10.1002/acn3.51779. Epub 2023 Apr 27.
Although chronic exposure to air pollution is associated with an increased risk of dementia in normal elderlies, the effect of chronic exposure to air pollution on the rates of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has not been elucidated.
In this longitudinal study, a total of 269 patients with mild cognitive impairment or early dementia due to AD with the evidence of brain β-amyloid deposition were followed-up for a mean period of 4 years. Five-year normalized hourly cumulative exposure value of each air pollutant, such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO ), sulfur dioxide (SO ), and particulate matter (PM and PM ), was computed based on nationwide air pollution database. The effects of chronic exposure to air pollution on longitudinal cognitive decline rate were evaluated using linear mixed models.
Higher chronic exposure to SO was associated with a faster decline in memory score, whereas chronic exposure to CO, NO , and PM were not associated with the rate of cognitive decline. Higher chronic exposure to PM was associated with a faster decline in visuospatial score in apolipoprotein E ε4 carriers. These effects remained significant even after adjusting for potential confounders.
Our findings suggest that chronic exposure to SO and PM is associated with faster clinical progression in AD.
尽管慢性暴露于空气污染与正常老年人痴呆风险增加有关，但慢性暴露于空气污染对阿尔茨海默病（AD）认知下降速度的影响尚未阐明。
在这项纵向研究中，共对 269 名患有轻度认知障碍或早期 AD 痴呆且有脑β淀粉样蛋白沉积证据的患者进行了平均 4 年的随访。根据全国性空气污染数据库，计算了每种空气污染物（如一氧化碳（CO）、二氧化氮（NO ）、二氧化硫（SO ）和颗粒物（PM 和 PM ））的五年归一化每小时累积暴露值。使用线性混合模型评估慢性暴露于空气污染对纵向认知下降率的影响。
较高的慢性 SO 暴露与记忆评分下降较快有关，而 CO、NO 和 PM 的慢性暴露与认知下降率无关。载脂蛋白 E ε4 携带者中，较高的慢性 PM 暴露与视空间评分下降较快有关。即使在调整了潜在的混杂因素后，这些影响仍然显著。
我们的研究结果表明，慢性 SO 和 PM 暴露与 AD 的临床进展较快有关。
