Amer Shimaa A, Farahat Mahmoud, Gouda Ahmed, Abdel-Wareth Ahmed A A, Abdel-Warith Abdel-Wahab A, Younis Elsayed M, Elshopakey Gehad Elsaid, Baher Weam Mohamed, Saleh Gehan K, Davies Simon J, Attia Ghadeer A
Department of Nutrition & Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
Animal Production Department, Agricultural & Biological Research Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 11865, Egypt.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Apr 15;13(8):1356. doi: 10.3390/ani13081356.
The study aimed to explore how broiler chickens' blood biochemistry, breast muscles' fatty acid profile, growth, intestinal morphology, and immune status would be influenced by adding microbial muramidase (MUR) to the diet. Four hundred 3-day-old male broiler chickens were allocated to a completely randomized design consisting of four nutritional treatments ( = 100 per treatment, 10 chicks/replicate), each containing MUR at levels of 0 (control group), 200, 400, and 600 mg Kg diet, with enzyme activity 0, 12,000, 24,000, and 36,000 LSU(F)/kg diet, respectively. The 35-day experiment was completed. The findings showed that adding MUR to broiler meals in amounts of 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg had no impact on growth performance ( > 0.05) during the periods of 4-10, 11-23, and 24-35 days of age. MUR supplementation quadratically impacted the feed conversion ratio of broiler chicks at 11 and 23 days of age ( = 0.02). MUR addition to the diet significantly and level-dependently enhanced the percentage of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in breast muscles ( ≤ 0.01), with no alterations to the sensory characteristics of the breast muscles. Dietary MUR increased most of the morphometric dimensions of the small intestine, with the best results recorded at the 200 and 400 mg Kg levels. MUR supplementation at 200, 400, and 600 mg kg linearly lowered the total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level ( < 0.01). Still, it significantly increased the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents compared with the unsupplemented group. Compared to controls, there was a substantial rise in the blood concentration of total protein, albumin, globulin, IL10, complement 3, and lysozyme activity as MUR levels increased ( < 0.01). Moreover, MUR addition significantly increased the immunoexpression of lymphocyte subpopulation biomarkers. We could conclude that MUR can be added to broiler chicken diets up to 600 mg kg to improve broiler chickens' fatty acid profile in breast muscles, immunity, and blood biochemistry. MUR addition had no positive influence on the bird's growth.
本研究旨在探讨在日粮中添加微生物溶菌酶（MUR）对肉鸡血液生化指标、胸肌脂肪酸谱、生长性能、肠道形态和免疫状态的影响。400只3日龄雄性肉鸡被分配到一个完全随机设计中，该设计包括四种营养处理（每组100只，每个重复10只鸡），每种处理的日粮中MUR水平分别为0（对照组）、200、400和600 mg/kg，酶活性分别为0、12,000、24,000和36,000 LSU(F)/kg日粮。为期35天的试验完成。结果表明，在4-10日龄、11-23日龄和24-35日龄期间，在肉鸡日粮中添加200、400或600 mg/kg的MUR对生长性能没有影响（P>0.05）。添加MUR对11日龄和23日龄肉鸡的饲料转化率有二次影响（P=0.02）。在日粮中添加MUR显著且呈剂量依赖性地提高了胸肌中n-3和n-6多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的百分比（P≤0.01），且胸肌的感官特性没有改变。日粮中添加MUR增加了小肠的大多数形态学尺寸，在200和400 mg/kg水平时效果最佳。添加200、400和600 mg/kg的MUR可使总胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平呈线性降低（P<0.01）。然而，与未添加组相比，它显著增加了高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的含量。与对照组相比，随着MUR水平的增加，总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、IL-10、补体3的血液浓度和溶菌酶活性显著升高（P<0.01）。此外，添加MUR显著增加了淋巴细胞亚群生物标志物的免疫表达。我们可以得出结论，在肉鸡日粮中添加高达600 mg/kg的MUR可以改善肉鸡胸肌的脂肪酸谱、免疫力和血液生化指标。添加MUR对肉鸡的生长没有积极影响。
