Grille Lucía, Escobar Daniela, Méndez Maria Noel, Adrien María de Lourdes, Olazabal Laura, Rodríguez Víctor, Pelaggio Ronny, Chilibroste Pablo, Meikle Ana, Damián Juan Pablo
Departamento de Ciencias Veterinarias y Agrarias, Facultad de Veterinaria, Cenur Litoral Norte Universidad de la República, Paysandú 60000, Uruguay.
Latitud-Fundación LATU, Montevideo 11500, Uruguay.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Apr 21;13(8):1426. doi: 10.3390/ani13081426.
The diet of dairy cows influences the fatty acid (FA) profiles of their milk and cheese, but how these are affected by different conditions during confinement in a mixed system (MS:grazing + total mixed ration:TMR) is not known. The aim of this study was to compare the FAs of the milk and cheese from MS in a compost-bedded pack barns (CB-GRZ) versus an outdoor soil-bedded pen (OD-GRZ) during confinement, and with a confinement system (100%TMR) in a compost-bedded pack barns (CB-TMR). Individual milk samples ( = 12 cows/group), cheese, and pooled milk (MilkP) samples were collected. The saturated FA percentages in the milk and the omega 6/omega 3 ratio in the MilkP and cheese were greater for the CB-TMR ( < 0.0001), while the unsaturated and monounsaturated FA percentages in the milk were lower for the CB-TMR than the MS ( < 0.001). The milk n-3, C18:3, and conjugated linoleic acid percentages were lower for the CB-TMR than the MS ( < 0.001). The milk n-3 and C18:3 were higher for the CB-GRZ than the OD-GRZ ( < 0.01), but no differences were observed between the MS in the MilkP and cheese. In conclusion, CB-GRZ cows during confinement produced better quality milk compared to OD-GRZ cows. However, the FA profiles of the milk, MilkP, and cheese were affected to a greater extent by the feeding management than by the conditions during confinement.
奶牛的饮食会影响其牛奶和奶酪的脂肪酸（FA）谱，但在混合系统（MS：放牧 + 全混合日粮：TMR）的圈养期间，这些谱如何受到不同条件的影响尚不清楚。本研究的目的是比较在堆肥垫料棚（CB - GRZ）与室外土壤垫料围栏（OD - GRZ）圈养期间以及在堆肥垫料棚（CB - TMR）中的圈养系统（100% TMR）下，MS中牛奶和奶酪的脂肪酸。收集了个体牛奶样本（每组 = 12头奶牛）、奶酪和混合牛奶（MilkP）样本。CB - TMR组牛奶中的饱和脂肪酸百分比以及MilkP和奶酪中的ω6/ω3比值更高（<0.0001），而CB - TMR组牛奶中的不饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸百分比低于MS组（<0.001）。CB - TMR组牛奶中的n - 3、C18:3和共轭亚油酸百分比低于MS组（<0.001）。CB - GRZ组牛奶中的n - 3和C18:3高于OD - GRZ组（<0.01），但在MilkP和奶酪的MS组之间未观察到差异。总之，与OD - GRZ奶牛相比，CB - GRZ奶牛在圈养期间生产的牛奶质量更好。然而，牛奶、MilkP和奶酪的脂肪酸谱受饲养管理的影响程度大于圈养期间的条件。
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