Department of Human Nutrition, Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19 Street, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland.
Doctoral School, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Piekarska 18 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Apr 7;20(8):5442. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20085442.
Dietary modifications are recommended alongside pharmacotherapy in treating both diabetes mellitus (DM) and coronary heart disease (CHD) patients.
The primary aim of our study was to assess the diet in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and myocardial infarction (MI) and to identify dietary differences between patients after the first and subsequent cardiovascular (CV) event. The secondary aim was to analyze the differences between men's and women's diets.
The study population consisted of patients with DM/T2DM and MI. The research tool was the original author's questionnaire which was collected personally by a qualified dietician.
The study included 67 patients with a mean age of 69 ± 8 years, hospitalized at the Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases in Zabrze in 2019. The study found that patients consumed less bread, whole-grain cereal products, fermented milk products, and vegetables than was recommended. A total of 32.8% of patients reported an intake of sweetened beverages, while 85.1% of participants consumed sweets despite being diagnosed with DM. Except for sweetened drinks, no differences in dietary behaviors were found in the patients after the first and second MI episode. Most of the included patients assessed their diet as appropriate.
The dietary assessment of diabetes and myocardial infarction patients indicates that the diet does not comply with dietary recommendations, thus increasing the risk of a recurrent cardiac event despite a previous MI. No differences between the men's and the women's nutritional habits were observed.
在治疗糖尿病（DM）和冠心病（CHD）患者时，建议同时进行饮食调整和药物治疗。
本研究的主要目的是评估 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）和心肌梗死（MI）患者的饮食情况，并确定首次和随后发生心血管（CV）事件后患者的饮食差异。次要目的是分析男性和女性饮食之间的差异。
研究人群包括 DM/T2DM 和 MI 患者。研究工具是原始作者的问卷，由合格的营养师亲自收集。
本研究纳入了 2019 年在扎布热西里西亚心脏病中心住院的 67 名平均年龄为 69 ± 8 岁的患者。研究发现，患者的面包、全麦谷物产品、发酵乳制品和蔬菜摄入量低于推荐量。共有 32.8%的患者报告摄入了含糖饮料，而 85.1%的参与者尽管被诊断患有 DM，但仍食用甜食。除了含糖饮料外，首次和第二次 MI 发作后患者的饮食行为没有差异。大多数纳入的患者认为自己的饮食是适当的。
对糖尿病和心肌梗死患者的饮食评估表明，饮食不符合饮食建议，尽管之前发生过 MI，但仍会增加再次发生心脏事件的风险。未观察到男性和女性营养习惯之间的差异。
