Concha-Cisternas Yeny, Castro-Piñero José, Leiva-Ordóñez Ana María, Valdés-Badilla Pablo, Celis-Morales Carlos, Guzmán-Muñoz Eduardo
Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Talca 3460000, Chile.
GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, 11519 Puerto Real, Spain.
Life (Basel). 2023 Mar 24;13(4):869. doi: 10.3390/life13040869.
This systematic review aimed to assess the available evidence on the effects of neuromuscular training on physical performance in older adults. A literature search was conducted across four databases (Psychology and Behavioral (EBSCO), Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed). The PRISMA guidelines were followed. The PEDro scale and Cochrane risk of bias tool were used to assess the quality of and risk of bias in the studies, respectively. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (code: CRD42022319239). The outcomes were muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, postural balance and gait speed. From 610 records initially found, 10 were finally included in the systematic review, involving 354 older people with a mean age of 67.3 years. Nine of them reported significant changes in at least one variable related to physical performance in the intervention compared to the control groups. The neuromuscular training caused significant improvements in postural balance, flexibility, cardiorespiratory fitness, strength power of the upper and lower limbs and autonomy. The available evidence indicates that neuromuscular training has a positive effect on some variables of physical performance, especially in postural balance; however, the methodological quality and certainty of the evidence in the available literature are limited. Therefore, a greater number of high-quality studies are required to draw definitive conclusions.
本系统评价旨在评估有关神经肌肉训练对老年人身体机能影响的现有证据。在四个数据库（心理学与行为学数据库（EBSCO）、Scopus、科学网和PubMed）中进行了文献检索。遵循PRISMA指南。分别使用PEDro量表和Cochrane偏倚风险工具来评估研究的质量和偏倚风险。该方案已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（PROSPERO）中注册（注册号：CRD42022319239）。结局指标为肌肉力量、心肺适能、姿势平衡和步速。从最初检索到的610条记录中，最终有10项被纳入该系统评价，涉及354名老年人，平均年龄为67.3岁。其中9项研究报告称，与对照组相比，干预组中至少有一个与身体机能相关的变量有显著变化。神经肌肉训练使姿势平衡、灵活性、心肺适能、上下肢力量以及自主性得到了显著改善。现有证据表明，神经肌肉训练对身体机能的某些变量有积极影响，尤其是在姿势平衡方面；然而，现有文献中证据的方法学质量和确定性有限。因此，需要更多高质量的研究才能得出明确的结论。
