Knez Eliza, Kadac-Czapska Kornelia, Grembecka Małgorzata
Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gen. J. Hallera Aw. 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland.
Life (Basel). 2023 Apr 19;13(4):1044. doi: 10.3390/life13041044.
Silages may be preventive against lifestyle diseases, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, or metabolic syndrome. Fermented vegetables and legumes are characterized by pleiotropic health effects, such as probiotic or antioxidant potential. That is mainly due to the fermentation process. Despite the low viability of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract, their probiotic potential was confirmed. The modification of microbiota diversity caused by these food products has numerous implications. Most of them are connected to changes in the production of metabolites by bacteria, such as butyrate. Moreover, intake of fermented vegetables and legumes influences epigenetic changes, which lead to inhibition of lipogenesis and decreased appetite. Lifestyle diseases' feature is increased inflammation; thus, foods with high antioxidant potential are recommended. Silages are characterized by having a higher bioavailable antioxidants content than fresh samples. That is due to fermentative microorganisms that produce the enzyme β-glucosidase, which releases these compounds from conjugated bonds with antinutrients. However, fermented vegetables and legumes are rich in salt or salt substitutes, such as potassium chloride. However, until today, silages intake has not been connected to the prevalence of hypertension or kidney failure.
青贮饲料可能对包括肥胖症、糖尿病或代谢综合征在内的生活方式疾病具有预防作用。发酵蔬菜和豆类具有多种健康功效，如益生菌或抗氧化潜力。这主要归因于发酵过程。尽管胃肠道中微生物的活力较低，但其益生菌潜力已得到证实。这些食品引起的微生物群多样性改变具有诸多影响。其中大多数与细菌代谢产物（如丁酸盐）产量的变化有关。此外，摄入发酵蔬菜和豆类会影响表观遗传变化，从而抑制脂肪生成并降低食欲。生活方式疾病的特征是炎症增加；因此，推荐具有高抗氧化潜力的食物。青贮饲料的特点是其生物可利用抗氧化剂含量高于新鲜样本。这是由于发酵微生物产生β-葡萄糖苷酶，该酶将这些化合物从与抗营养物质的共轭键中释放出来。然而，发酵蔬菜和豆类富含盐或盐替代品，如氯化钾。然而，直到如今，青贮饲料的摄入与高血压或肾衰竭的患病率并无关联。
