College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
College of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China.
Food Funct. 2020 Oct 21;11(10):9192-9207. doi: 10.1039/d0fo00334d.
Blueberry dietary interventions have demonstrated remarkable potential against obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the effects of fermented blueberry juice on metabolic syndrome, the gut microbiota, and insulin resistance have not yet been reported. This study aimed to investigate the potential of fermented blueberry juice against obesity, hyperglycemia, and gut microbiota dysbiosis in high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Our study findings revealed that supplementation with fresh blueberry juice (BBJ), and fermented blueberry juice with homemade probiotic starter (FBJ) or commercial starter (CFBJ) significantly decreased fat accumulation and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in HFD-fed mice. FBJ showed relatively more potency to reduce body weight than BBJ and CFBJ. The percentage increase in the body weight of the FBJ group was almost the same as that in the normal chow diet (NCD) group, and was approximately 10% lower than the BBJ and CFBJ groups. Overall, all blueberry juices significantly ameliorated hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance in HFD-fed mice. Moreover, the dietary interventions with BBJ, FBJ, and CFBJ for 17 weeks significantly improved the community richness and diversity of the gut microflora along with an altered structure in the HFD-fed mice group. The FBJ treated mice group showed relatively low abundance of Firmicutes, obesity-related bacteria (Oscillibacter and Alistipes), and high abundance of lean bacteria (Akkermansia, Barnesiella, Olsenella, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus) compared to the HFD-fed mice group. Furthermore, BBJ and FBJ treatments regulated the liver mRNA and protein expression levels involved in lipid and glucose metabolism. This study inferred that fermented blueberry juice could be used as a functional food to prevent the modern pandemics i.e., obesity and insulin resistance.
蓝莓膳食干预已被证明对肥胖和 2 型糖尿病具有显著的潜力。然而，发酵蓝莓汁对代谢综合征、肠道微生物群和胰岛素抵抗的影响尚未报道。本研究旨在探讨发酵蓝莓汁对高脂肪饮食（HFD）喂养小鼠肥胖、高血糖和肠道微生物群失调的潜在作用。我们的研究结果表明，补充新鲜蓝莓汁（BBJ）、自制益生菌启动剂（FBJ）或商业启动剂（CFBJ）发酵蓝莓汁可显著减少 HFD 喂养小鼠的脂肪堆积和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平。FBJ 显示出比 BBJ 和 CFBJ 更强的降低体重的能力。FBJ 组的体重增加百分比与正常饲料（NCD）组几乎相同，比 BBJ 和 CFBJ 组低约 10%。总的来说，所有蓝莓汁都显著改善了 HFD 喂养小鼠的高脂血症和胰岛素抵抗。此外，用 BBJ、FBJ 和 CFBJ 进行 17 周的饮食干预显著改善了 HFD 喂养小鼠的肠道微生物群落丰富度和多样性，并改变了其结构。与 HFD 喂养小鼠组相比，FBJ 处理的小鼠组中厚壁菌门的丰度相对较低，肥胖相关细菌（Oscillibacter 和 Alistipes）的丰度较高，而瘦细菌（Akkermansia、Barnesiella、Olsenella、双歧杆菌和乳杆菌）的丰度较高。此外，BBJ 和 FBJ 处理调节了参与脂质和葡萄糖代谢的肝 mRNA 和蛋白质表达水平。本研究推断，发酵蓝莓汁可用作功能性食品，以预防现代流行疾病，如肥胖和胰岛素抵抗。
