Ariute Juan Carlos, Felice Andrei Giachetto, Soares Siomar, da Gama Marco Aurélio Siqueira, de Souza Elineide Barbosa, Azevedo Vasco, Brenig Bertram, Aburjaile Flávia, Benko-Iseppon Ana Maria
Preventive Veterinary Medicine Departament, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Genetics Department, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-600, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Microorganisms. 2023 Apr 6;11(4):954. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11040954.
species complex (RSSC) cause several phytobacteriosis in many economically important crops around the globe, especially in the tropics. In Brazil, phylotypes I and II cause bacterial wilt (BW) and are indistinguishable by classical microbiological and phytopathological methods, while Moko disease is caused only by phylotype II strains. Type III effectors of RSSC (Rips) are key molecular actors regarding pathogenesis and are associated with specificity to some hosts. In this study, we sequenced and characterized 14 newly RSSC isolates from Brazil's Northern and Northeastern regions, including BW and Moko ecotypes. Virulence and resistance sequences were annotated, and the Rips repertoire was predicted. Confirming previous studies, RSSC pangenome is open as α≅0.77. Genomic information regarding these isolates matches those for in NCBI. All of them fit in phylotype II with a similarity above 96%, with five isolates in phylotype IIB and nine in phylotype IIA. Almost all genomes in NCBI are actually from other species in RSSC. Rips repertoire of Moko IIB was more homogeneous, except for isolate B4, which presented ten non-shared Rips. Rips repertoire of phylotype IIA was more diverse in both Moko and BW, with 43 common shared Rips among all 14 isolates. New BW isolates shared more Rips with Moko IIA and Moko IIB than with other public BW genome isolates from Brazil. Rips not shared with other isolates might contribute to individual virulence, but commonly shared Rips are good avirulence candidates. The high number of Rips shared by new Moko and BW isolates suggests they are actually Moko isolates infecting solanaceous hosts. Finally, infection assays and Rips expression on different hosts are needed to better elucidate the association between Rips repertoire and host specificities.
种复合体（RSSC）在全球许多具有重要经济价值的作物中引发多种植物细菌病，尤其是在热带地区。在巴西，I型和II型菌系引发青枯病（BW），通过传统微生物学和植物病理学方法无法区分，而莫科病仅由II型菌系菌株引起。RSSC的III型效应子（Rips）是致病的关键分子因素，且与对某些宿主的特异性相关。在本研究中，我们对来自巴西北部和东北部地区的14株新的RSSC分离株进行了测序和特征分析，包括BW和莫科生态型。对毒力和抗性序列进行了注释，并预测了Rips库。证实了先前的研究，RSSC泛基因组是开放的，α≅0.77。关于这些分离株的基因组信息与NCBI中的信息匹配。所有分离株均属于II型菌系，相似度高于96%，其中5株属于IIB型菌系，9株属于IIA型菌系。NCBI中几乎所有基因组实际上都来自RSSC中的其他物种。莫科IIB型菌系的Rips库更为同质化，除了分离株B4，它有10个非共享的Rips。IIA型菌系的Rips库在莫科病和青枯病中都更多样化，在所有14株分离株中有43个共同的共享Rips。新的青枯病分离株与莫科IIA型和莫科IIB型菌系共享的Rips比与巴西其他公开的青枯病基因组分离株更多。未与其他分离株共享的Rips可能有助于个体毒力，但共同共享的Rips是良好的无毒力候选者。新的莫科病和青枯病分离株共享的Rips数量众多，表明它们实际上是感染茄科宿主的莫科病分离株。最后，需要进行感染试验以及在不同宿主上的Rips表达分析，以更好地阐明Rips库与宿主特异性之间的关联。
