Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Science & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India.
Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Centre of Excellence in Unani Medicine (Pharmacognosy and Pharma Cology), School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
Molecules. 2023 Apr 15;28(8):3490. doi: 10.3390/molecules28083490.
subspecies (MAP) is a chronic, contagious, and typically life-threatening enteric disease of ruminants caused by a bacterium of the genus Mycobacterium, but it can also affect non-ruminant animals. MAP transmission occurs through the fecal-oral pathway in neonates and young animals. After infection, animals generate IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10, resulting in a Th2 response. Early detection of the disease is necessary to avoid its spread. Many detection methods, viz., staining, culture, and molecular methods, are available, and numerous vaccines and anti-tuberculosis drugs are used to control the disease. However, the prolonged use of anti-tuberculosis drugs leads to the development of resistance. Whereas vaccines hamper the differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals in an endemic herd. This leads to the identification of plant-based bioactive compounds to treat the disease. Bioactive compounds of and have been evaluated for their anti-MAP activity. Based on the MIC50 values, Ursolic acid (12 µg/mL) and Solasodine (60 µg/mL) were found to be suitable for anti-MAP activity.
亚种（MAP）是一种慢性、传染性且通常危及生命的反刍动物肠道疾病，由分枝杆菌属的细菌引起，但也可能影响非反刍动物。MAP 通过新生动物和幼小动物的粪-口途径传播。感染后，动物会产生 IL-4、IL-5 和 IL-10，导致 Th2 反应。早期发现该疾病对于避免其传播至关重要。有许多检测方法，例如染色、培养和分子方法，并且使用了许多疫苗和抗结核药物来控制疾病。然而，抗结核药物的长期使用导致了耐药性的发展。而疫苗会阻碍在地方性畜群中区分感染动物和接种疫苗的动物。这导致了植物源性生物活性化合物的鉴定，以治疗这种疾病。和的生物活性化合物已被评估其抗 MAP 活性。根据 MIC50 值，熊果酸（12 µg/mL）和澳洲茄碱（60 µg/mL）被发现具有抗 MAP 活性。
