Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos St., 11855 Athens, Greece.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Sep 1;24(17):13566. doi: 10.3390/ijms241713566.
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) have paved the way to new perspectives on the regulation of gene expression, not only in biology and medicine, but also in associated fields and technologies, ensuring advances in diagnostic means and therapeutic modalities. Critical in this multistep approach are the associations of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) with diseases and their causal genes in their networks of interactions, gene enrichment and expression analysis, associated pathways, the monitoring of the involved genes and their functional roles during disease progression from one stage to another. Studies have shown that Johne's Disease (JD), caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies partuberculosis (MAP), shares common lncRNAs, clinical findings, and other molecular entities with Crohn's Disease (CD). This has been a subject of vigorous investigation owing to the zoonotic nature of this condition, although results are still inconclusive. In this review, on one hand, the current knowledge of lncRNAs in cells is presented, focusing on the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal-related pathologies and MAP-related infections and, on the other hand, we attempt to dissect the associated genes and pathways involved. Furthermore, the recently characterized and novel lncRNAs share common pathologies with IBD and JD, including the expression, molecular networks, and dataset analysis results. These are also presented in an attempt to identify potential biomarkers pertinent to cattle and human disease phenotypes.
非编码 RNA（ncRNA）为基因表达调控开辟了新的视角，不仅在生物学和医学领域，而且在相关领域和技术中，也确保了诊断手段和治疗方式的进步。在这个多步骤的方法中，长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）与疾病的关联及其在相互作用网络、基因富集和表达分析、相关途径中的因果基因至关重要，同时还需要监测相关基因及其在疾病进展过程中的功能作用，从一个阶段到另一个阶段。研究表明，由鸟分枝杆菌亚种副结核分枝杆菌（MAP）引起的约翰氏病（JD）与克罗恩病（CD）共享常见的 lncRNA、临床发现和其他分子实体。由于这种情况具有人畜共患病的性质，因此引起了激烈的研究，尽管结果仍然不确定。在这篇综述中，一方面介绍了细胞中 lncRNA 的现有知识，重点介绍了与胃肠道相关疾病和 MAP 相关感染的发病机制，另一方面，我们试图剖析相关的基因和途径。此外，最近表征的和新的 lncRNA 与 IBD 和 JD 具有共同的病理学特征，包括表达、分子网络和数据集分析结果。这些也被提出来试图确定与牛和人类疾病表型相关的潜在生物标志物。
