Centre for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
Nutrients. 2023 Apr 14;15(8):1899. doi: 10.3390/nu15081899.
Achieving optimum peak bone mass during adolescence is crucial for lifetime bone health. This study is aimed at developing and assessing an e-book designed for adolescent bone health knowledge and osteoporosis education. A needs assessment was conducted among 43 adolescents, aged 13-16 years, living in urban areas in Malaysia to determine their needs and preference for health educational material. The researchers also searched for relevant guidelines and articles regarding adolescent bone health. Subsequently, an e-book was developed based on the needs assessment and literature search. Five expert panelists (mean work experience = 11.3 years) validated the e-book contents and assessed its understandability and actionability using the Patient Educational Materials Assessment Tool for Audio-Visual Material (PEMAT-A/V). The internet (72.1%), parents (44.2%), television (41.9%), and teachers (39.5%) were the top four sources of health information among the respondents. Magazines (4.6%) and newspapers (11.6%) were the least preferred resources. Most adolescents were interested in cartoon-themed educational materials, and they perceived that including a short video, quiz, and infographic in the educational material would make it much more interactive for users. The developed e-book includes seven infographic chapters, a link to a quiz, and a summary video. The topics cover basic information on bones and the formation and resorption processes, osteoporosis and its risk factors, key nutrients for bone health (calcium and vitamin D), along with their sources and recommended amounts, physical activity and exercise for bone health, and tips for healthy lifestyle practices for bone health. All chapters and the video were rated with a median score of 100% for understandability and actionability, respectively. Some of the comments received from evaluators included that the e-book made good use of infographics, was easy to understand and interesting, and contained well-organized content. Some suggestions for improvement included adding take-home messages relevant to the topic, using colors to highlight keywords, and narrating all points presented in the video. Overall, the newly developed e-book on adolescent bone health was highly rated by expert panelists. However, the acceptance and effectiveness of the e-book in increasing bone health and osteoporosis knowledge among adolescents are yet to be evaluated. The e-book could be used as one of the educational tools to promote bone health in adolescents.
在青少年时期达到最佳峰值骨量对于终生骨骼健康至关重要。本研究旨在开发和评估一本专为青少年骨骼健康知识和骨质疏松症教育设计的电子书。在马来西亚城市地区，对 43 名年龄在 13-16 岁的青少年进行了需求评估，以确定他们对健康教育材料的需求和偏好。研究人员还搜索了有关青少年骨骼健康的相关指南和文章。随后，根据需求评估和文献搜索开发了一本电子书。五名专家组成员（平均工作经验= 11.3 年）使用视听材料患者教育材料评估工具（PEMAT-A/V）验证了电子书的内容，并评估了其可理解性和可操作性。受访者中，互联网（72.1%）、父母（44.2%）、电视（41.9%）和教师（39.5%）是健康信息的前四个来源。杂志（4.6%）和报纸（11.6%）是最不受欢迎的资源。大多数青少年对卡通主题的教育材料感兴趣，他们认为在教育材料中加入短视频、测验和信息图表会使用户之间的互动更加有趣。开发的电子书包括七个信息图表章节、一个测验链接和一个总结视频。主题涵盖骨骼的基本信息以及形成和吸收过程、骨质疏松症及其危险因素、骨骼健康的关键营养素（钙和维生素 D）及其来源和推荐量、骨骼健康的体育活动和锻炼以及健康生活方式实践的提示。所有章节和视频的可理解性和可操作性评分中位数均为 100%。评估者收到的一些评论包括，电子书很好地利用了信息图表，易于理解且有趣，并包含组织良好的内容。一些改进建议包括添加与主题相关的要点，使用颜色突出关键字，以及讲述视频中呈现的所有要点。总的来说，专家组成员对新开发的青少年骨骼健康电子书给予了高度评价。然而，该电子书在提高青少年的骨骼健康和骨质疏松症知识方面的接受度和效果还有待评估。该电子书可以用作促进青少年骨骼健康的教育工具之一。
