Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Apr 19;23(8):4107. doi: 10.3390/s23084107.
The posterior-to-anterior shift in aging (PASA) effect is seen as a compensatory model that enables older adults to meet increased cognitive demands to perform comparably as their young counterparts. However, empirical support for the PASA effect investigating age-related changes in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), hippocampus, and parahippocampus has yet to be established. 33 older adults and 48 young adults were administered tasks sensitive to novelty and relational processing of indoor/outdoor scenes in a 3-Tesla MRI scanner. Functional activation and connectivity analyses were applied to examine the age-related changes on the IFG, hippocampus, and parahippocampus among low/high-performing older adults and young adults. Significant parahippocampal activation was generally found in both older (high-performing) and young adults for novelty and relational processing of scenes. Younger adults had significantly greater IFG and parahippocampal activation than older adults, and greater parahippocampal activation compared to low-performing older adults for relational processing-providing partial support for the PASA model. Observations of significant functional connectivity within the medial temporal lobe and greater negative left IFG-right hippocampus/parahippocampus functional connectivity for young compared to low-performing older adults for relational processing also supports the PASA effect partially.
衰老的前后移位（PASA）效应被视为一种代偿模型，使老年人能够应对增加的认知需求，从而与他们的年轻同龄人表现相当。然而，尚未有研究支持 PASA 效应在额下回（IFG）、海马体和海马旁回的年龄相关性变化方面的实证研究。在 3T MRI 扫描仪中，对 33 名老年人和 48 名年轻人进行了对室内/室外场景的新颖性和关系处理敏感的任务。功能激活和连通性分析被应用于检查低/高表现老年人和年轻人中 IFG、海马体和海马旁回的年龄相关性变化。对于场景的新颖性和关系处理，在老年人（高表现者）和年轻人中通常都可以发现明显的海马旁回激活。年轻人的 IFG 和海马旁回激活显著大于老年人，而对于关系处理，年轻人的海马旁回激活显著大于低表现老年人，为 PASA 模型提供了部分支持。对于关系处理，年轻人的内侧颞叶之间的功能连接性明显大于低表现老年人，并且左 IFG-右海马体/海马旁回的功能连接性也为负性，这也部分支持了 PASA 效应。
