Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2023 Jun;107(11):3673-3685. doi: 10.1007/s00253-023-12542-z. Epub 2023 Apr 28.
The effects of different monoculture years on rhizosphere fungal communities (abundance, diversity, structure, and cooccurrence network) of cut chrysanthemum were determined. Three different monoculture years were (i) planting for only 1 year (Y1), (ii) continuous monoculture for 6 years (Y6), and (iii) continuous monoculture for 12 years (Y12). Compared to the Y1 treatment, the Y12 treatment significantly decreased the rhizosphere fungal gene copy numbers but increased the potential pathogen Fusarium oxysporum (P < 0.05). Both the Y6 and Y12 treatments significantly increased fungal diversity (Shannon and Simpson indices), but Y6 had great potential to enhance fungal richness (Chao1 index) relative to the Y12 treatment. Monoculture treatments decreased the relative abundance of Ascomycota but increased that of Mortierellomycota. Four ecological clusters (Modules 0, 3, 4, and 9) were observed in the fungal cooccurrence network across the Y1, Y6, and Y12 treatments, and only Module 0 was significantly enriched in the Y12 treatment and associated with soil properties (P < 0.05). RDA (redundancy analysis) and Mantel analysis showed that soil pH and soil nutrients (organic carbon, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus) were the key factors affecting fungal communities during monoculture of cut chrysanthemum. Overall, the changes in soil properties were responsible for shaping rhizospheric soil fungal communities in long-term rather than short-term monoculture systems. KEY POINTS: • Both short- and long-term monocultures reshaped the soil fungal community structure. • Long-term monoculture enhanced the network complexity of the fungal community. • Soil pH, C and N levels mainly drove modularization in the fungal community network.
不同单作年限对切花菊根际真菌群落（丰度、多样性、结构和共生网络）的影响。三个不同的单作年限分别为：（i）仅种植 1 年（Y1），（ii）连续单作 6 年（Y6），和（iii）连续单作 12 年（Y12）。与 Y1 处理相比，Y12 处理显著降低了根际真菌基因拷贝数，但增加了潜在病原菌尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）（P<0.05）。Y6 和 Y12 处理均显著增加了真菌多样性（Shannon 和 Simpson 指数），但 Y6 处理相对于 Y12 处理具有更大的真菌丰富度（Chao1 指数）潜力。单作处理降低了子囊菌的相对丰度，但增加了毛霉门的相对丰度。在 Y1、Y6 和 Y12 处理的真菌共生网络中观察到四个生态聚类（模块 0、3、4 和 9），仅模块 0 在 Y12 处理中显著富集，并与土壤性质相关（P<0.05）。冗余分析（RDA）和 Mantel 分析表明，土壤 pH 值和土壤养分（有机碳、总氮和有效磷）是影响切花菊单作过程中真菌群落的关键因素。总体而言，土壤性质的变化是导致长期而非短期单作系统中根际土壤真菌群落发生变化的原因。关键点：• 短期和长期单作均重塑了土壤真菌群落结构。• 长期单作增强了真菌群落网络的复杂性。• 土壤 pH 值、C 和 N 水平主要驱动了真菌群落网络的模块化。
